Overall 221 patients with fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis were examined. In patients carrying Hp 2-2 haptoglobin and HLA DR2, the disease runs an unfavourable course more frequently. Among the patients with Hp 2-2, the positive dynamics was attained by the 6th month of the treatment in 44.1%, among those with HLA DR2 in 42.3% of cases while in patients carrying the two genetic markers at a time, in only 32.4% of cases. Patients with Hp 2-2 and HLA DR2 require special attention of the treating physician since the very first day of the disease and use of every possible treatment methods.
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Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
December 2024
Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., Block 23, Sofia1113, Bulgaria.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a debilitating inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination, is significantly influenced by polygenic variations. Although the precise cause of MS remains unclear, it is believed to arise from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Recent investigations have focused on the polygenic nature of genetic alterations linked to MS risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Clin (Barc)
January 2025
Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España.
Life Sci Alliance
January 2025
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
The development and application of human TCR-like (TCRL) antibodies recognizing disease-specific MHC-peptide complexes may prove as an important tool for basic research and therapeutic applications. Multiple sclerosis is characterized by aberrant CD4 T-cell response to self-antigens presented by MHC class II molecules. This led us to select a panel of TCRL Abs targeting the immunodominant autoantigenic epitope MOG derived from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) presented on HLA-DR2, which is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoimmun Rev
December 2024
Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129 Perugia, Italy.
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a wide spectrum of glandular and extra-glandular features. Genetic and epigenetic factors play an important role in the disease susceptibility and phenotype. There are a multitude of genes that have been identified as implicated in the pathogenesis of pSS, both in HLA and extra-HLA regions with a strong contribution given by genes in interferon signalling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHLA
June 2024
Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
The HLA region, especially HLA class I and II genes, which encode molecules for antigen presentation to T cells, plays a major role in the predisposition to autoimmune disorders. To clarify the mechanisms behind this association, we examined genome-wide DNA methylation by microarrays to cover over 850,000 CpG sites in the CD4 T cells and CD19 B cells of healthy subjects homozygous either for DRB1*15-DQA1*01-DQB1*06:02 (DR2-DQ6, n = 14), associated with a strongly decreased T1D risk, DRB1*03-DQA1*05-DQB1*02 (DR3-DQ2, n = 19), or DRB1*04:01-DQA1*03-DQB1*03:02 (DR4-DQ8, n = 17), associated with a moderately increased T1D risk. In total, we discovered 14 differentially methylated CpG probes, of which 10 were located in the HLA region and six in the HLA-DRB1 locus.
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