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Infection prevention in the immunocompromised traveler due to conditions other than transplantation: a review.
Ther Adv Infect Dis
January 2025
Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
This narrative review explores the risks related to infection in immunocompromised travelers due to conditions other than transplantation, and evaluates the evidence behind current prophylactic strategies, including immunizations, antimicrobials, and non-pharmacological interventions, to prevent various infection and how the current evidence applies to this special patient population, from the perspective of a US-based traveler.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of frailty and comorbidity on initial response to lung cancer screening invitation and low-dose CT screening uptake: Findings from the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial.
J Med Screen
January 2025
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Background: Low-dose computed tomography screening reduces lung cancer-specific mortality in high-risk individuals. Lung cancer risk factors overlap with comorbid diseases, highlighting the significance of frailty and comorbidities for lung cancer screening (LCS). Here, we describe the prevalence of frailty and comorbidity in those invited for LCS and evaluate their associations with response to telephone risk assessment invitation and subsequent uptake of LCS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreased unedited Alu RNA patterns found in cortex extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease resemble hippocampus vasculature Alu RNA editing patterns but not cortex Alu RNA editing patterns.
J Alzheimers Dis
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: Endogenous Alu RNAs form double-stranded RNAs recognized by double-stranded RNA sensors and activate IRF and NF-kB transcriptional paths and innate immunity. Deamination of adenosines to inosines by the ADAR family of enzymes, a process termed A-to-I editing, disrupts double-stranded RNA structure and prevents innate immune activation. Innate immune activation is observed in Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety of ceftobiprole in patients with impaired renal, hepatic or immune function: a multinational retrospective hospital chart review (RETRACE study).
Int J Antimicrob Agents
January 2025
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"; Unit of Internal Medicine and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Ospedale V. Monaldi, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131, Napoli, Italy. Electronic address:
Ceftobiprole, an advanced-generation cephalosporin with broad bactericidal activity, is approved for community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia (excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia). We aimed to evaluate, in a real-world setting, the safety profile of ceftobiprole in patients with risk conditions (severe renal impairment, hepatic impairment, and immunocompromised status), groups excluded from clinical trials. In this retrospective study (NCT04170309), 396 consecutive charts of patients treated with ceftobiprole during 2016-2022 in 15 centers in France, Italy, and Spain were analyzed: 62 had severe renal impairment, 51 had hepatic impairment, 120 were immunocompromised, and 203 had no predefined risk condition (controls).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on pneumococcal meningitis in all ages: the PSERENADE project.
J Infect
January 2025
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) introduced in childhood national immunization programs lowered vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), but replacement with non-vaccine-types persisted throughout the PCV10/13 follow-up period. We assessed PCV10/13 impact on pneumococcal meningitis incidence globally.
Methods: The number of cases with serotyped pneumococci detected in cerebrospinal fluid and population denominators were obtained from surveillance sites globally.
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