In this paper, a method is proposed for highly precisely simulating the optical behavior of a light guide plate, which has microstructures of rough texture and rugged edges thereon. By adopting the 'equivalent medium-immersed measurement' to establish precise optical characteristic of the light guide plate, the simulated results of luminance distribution are much accordant with experimental measurement. This method will be useful in luminance uniformity evaluation and hot-spot check in advance, and it will greatly contribute to save time and cost of product development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.022208 | DOI Listing |
Appl Biochem Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Urology, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, No.236, Yuanzhu Road, Chikan District, Zhanjiang City, 524037, Guangdong Province, China.
The relationship between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and tumor growth and metastasis is increasingly well-established. In this study, we sought to shed light on circ-NMNAT1's potential molecular mechanisms in bladder cancer (BCa). circ-NMNAT1, miR-370-3p, and ATXN2L expression profiles were explored using RT-qPCR and/or Western blot techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bronchology Interv Pulmonol
April 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB.
Background: Diagnosis of sarcoidosis often involves endobronchial biopsy (EBB), but studies have shown varying yields for EBB in suspected sarcoidosis, partly due to differences in identifying abnormal mucosa under white light (WL). Narrow band imaging (NBI) may assist in the visualization of abnormal mucosa, but its role in sarcoidosis remains to be characterized.
Methods: Individuals referred for suspected sarcoidosis were considered for enrollment.
Theranostics
January 2025
Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
The human body is an intricate system, where diverse and complex signaling among different organs sustains physiological activities. The eye, as a primary organ for information acquisition, not only plays a crucial role in visual perception but also, as increasing evidence suggests, exerts a broad influence on the entire body through complex circuits upon receiving light signals which is called non-image-forming vision. However, the extent and mechanisms of light's impact on the body through the eyes remain insufficiently explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Trauma and Orthopaedics, Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundations Trust, Chelmsford, GBR.
Aim This study aims to evaluate the reliability and quality of online information on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Methods An internet search on the three top search engines, Google, Yahoo!, and Bing, was done using the keywords "anterior cruciate ligament injury". The search was carried out in June 2023, and 39 websites were selected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Rev Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences and Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; email:
The twenty-first century has brought forth a deluge of theories and data shedding light on the neural mechanisms of motivated behavior. Much of this progress has focused on dopaminergic dynamics, including their signaling properties (how do they vary with expectations and outcomes?) and their downstream impacts in target regions (how do they affect learning and behavior?). In parallel, the basal ganglia have been elevated from their original implication in motoric function to a canonical circuit facilitating the initiation, invigoration, and selection of actions across levels of abstraction, from motor to cognitive operations.
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