Although some diseases are specific to children, many diseases of adults, including obesity and the metabolic syndrome, often originate in childhood. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of disease onset and progression in children is vital not only for child health, but for adult health as well. The NICHe (New Inroads to Child Health) Conference series focuses on future directions in child health, by bringing together clinical and basic scientists with the aim of sharing knowledge to facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches. This year's conference, entitled "Child Health and Signal Transduction," focused on G protein-coupled receptor and receptor tyrosine kinase pathways involved in endocrine signaling, how disruption of these pathways can lead to disease, and how understanding these pathways may guide drug discovery.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.3143mr3 | DOI Listing |
J Pediatr Health Care
January 2025
Behavioral and mental health (BMH) issues are increasing in adolescents as shortages of primary care and BMH providers are also rising. The healthcare burden has fallen especially hard on primary care providers (PCPs), who are showing increasing signs of burnout and making plans to reduce their work hours or leave the profession altogether. These factors impede their ability to be the first line of defense in providing emotional support to children and families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Surg Oncol
January 2025
Department Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a major complication in colorectal surgery, particularly following rectal cancer surgery, necessitating effective prevention strategies. The increasing frequency of colorectal resections and anastomoses during cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for peritoneal carcinomatosis further complicates this issue owing to the diverse patient populations with varied tumor distributions and surgical complexities. This study aims to assess and compare AL incidence and associated risk factors across conventional colorectal cancer surgery (CRC), gastrointestinal CRS (GI-CRS), and ovarian CRS (OC-CRS), with a secondary focus on evaluating the role of protective ostomies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Genet
January 2025
Division of Hearing and Balance Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 152-8902, Japan.
There are hundreds of rare syndromic diseases involving hearing loss, many of which are not targeted for clinical genetic testing. We systematically explored the genetic causes of undiagnosed syndromic hearing loss using a combination of whole exome sequencing (WES) and a phenotype similarity search system called PubCaseFinder. Fifty-five families with syndromic hearing loss of unknown cause were analyzed using WES after prescreening of several deafness genes depending on patient clinical features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cardiothorac Surg
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, China.
Background: Heparin, an anticoagulant used in cardiac surgery, can result in heparin rebound (HR), where it returns postoperatively despite being neutralized with protamine. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of HR in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) and evaluate the impact of HR on their short-term outcomes.
Methods: HR was defined by a 10% increase in activated coagulation time (ACT) following two hours of heparin neutralization with protamine, bleeding over 200 mL/h, and abnormal laboratory coagulation examination results.
BMC Pediatr
January 2025
Health Promotion and Health Behavior Department, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Background: Complementary feeding is crucial for infant growth, but poor hygiene during this period increases the risk of malnutrition and illness. In Ethiopia, national data on hygiene practices during complementary feeding, particularly among mothers of children aged 6-24 months, is limited. This study aims to synthesize existing data through a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the status of hygiene practices and identify key influencing factors, informing public health strategies to improve child health outcomes.
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