Curr Opin Organ Transplant
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Published: December 2010
Purpose Of Review: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation and disease remains one of the major complications after allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cell-mediated immunity is essential in counteracting CMV infection as evident by detection of high frequencies of CMV-specific CD8 and CD4 lymphocytes among the healthy CMV-seropositive individuals. Adoptive transfer of CMV-specific T cells to speed up reconstitution of CMV-specific immunity potentially offers clinical protection and reduces drug toxicities as well as outgrowth of drug-resistant strains from prolonged antiviral therapy.
Recent Findings: Different strategies to generate CMV-specific T cell have been explored. Similarly, vast diversities in term of cell dose and composition of the cellular product have been infused into small cohorts of patients. To date, a number of phase I/II clinical trials have demonstrated the feasibility of adoptive transferred CMV-specific T cells as prophylaxis, pre-emptive or therapeutic measure. In general, all these strategies showed variable degrees of efficacy without obvious adverse event particularly with regard to the induction of graft-versus-host disease.
Summary: In this review, we would like to give a comprehensive synopsis regarding therapeutic application of CMV-specific T cells in fighting CMV infection.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MOT.0b013e32834016b9 | DOI Listing |
Transpl Infect Dis
January 2025
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital "12 de Octubre" (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
Background: Kidney transplant (KT) recipients at intermediate risk for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection constitute a potential target for individualized prevention strategies informed by the CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI). The optimal method for the functional assessment of CMV-CMI in this group remains unclear.
Methods: We included 74 CMV-seropositive KT recipients that did not receive T-cell-depleting induction and were managed by preemptive therapy.
medRxiv
December 2024
Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is relapsed and/or refractory post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is usually fatal. In a prior study, we demonstrated that AML relapse in high-risk patients was prevented by post-HCT immunotherapy with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific donor CD8 T cells engineered to express a high-affinity Wilms Tumor Antigen 1 (WT1)-specific T-cell receptor (T). However, in the present study, infusion of EBV- or Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T did not clearly improve outcomes in fifteen patients with active disease post-HCT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
November 2024
Internal Medicine I, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
Diagnostics (Basel)
November 2024
College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Human CMV, regularly reactivated by simple triggers, results in asymptomatic viral shedding, powerful cellular immune responses, and memory inflation. Immunocompetent individuals benefit from a robust immune response, which aids in viral management without causing clinically significant illness; however, immunodeficient individuals are always at a higher risk of CMV reactivation and disease. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are consistently at higher risk of CMV reactivation and clinically significant CMV illness due to primary disease, immunosuppression, and graft vs.
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