Field emission measurements of current-voltage characteristics are reported for tetrapod structures of ZnO. The nonlinear Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plot is analyzed according to a model of calculation based on saturation of conduction band current and predominance of valence band current at high-field values. The simulated FN plot exhibits similar features to those observed experimentally. The model of calculation suggests that the slope variation of the FN plot, in the high-field and low-field regions, does not depend on the magnitude of saturation. Instead, it is a characteristic of the energy band structure and voltage-to-barrier-field conversion factor of the emitting material.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn1008403 | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2023
Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, EspooFI-02150, Finland.
Fabricating electronic and optoelectronic devices by transferring pre-deposited metal electrodes has attracted considerable attention, owing to the improved device performance. However, the pre-deposited metal electrode typically involves complex fabrication procedures. Here, we introduce our facile electrode fabrication process which is free of lithography, lift-off, and reactive ion etching by directly press-transferring a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltramicroscopy
April 2022
Surface Physics and Materials Technology Lab., Department of Physics, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan. Electronic address:
The significance of the Fowler-Nordheim-type plots lies in the possibility of extracting useful and reliable physical parameters of the field electron emitters. This is achieved by the parameter's extraction methods. We report on the application of two parameters extraction methods on field emission data from bundles of carbon fibers (CFs) grouped in nickel tubes and operated inside a typical field emission microscope setup.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltramicroscopy
November 2021
Department of Physics, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Jadiriya 64055, Baghdad, Iraq. Electronic address:
The behavior of the Folwer-Nordheim (FN) plot is investigated for large-area emitters arrays composed of perfectly aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The field emission currents are calculated based on the standard FN model using the Murphy-Good equation. The aspect ratio of the CNTs is varied such that the height of the CNT has predefined uniform or Gaussian distributions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltramicroscopy
November 2020
Department of Physics, Al-Nahrain University, Jadiriya 64055, Baghdad, Iraq. Electronic address:
The Fowler - Nordheim (FN) plot behavior is investigated for field emitted electrons from virtual carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based large area field emitters (LAFEs) arrays. The field emission currents are calculated using the Murphy-Good field emission equation assuming emission from two sets of geometrically-different CNTs. No screening effects are considered in the calculations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFR Soc Open Sci
December 2019
Advanced Technology Institute & Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
Measured field electron emission (FE) current-voltage ( ) data are traditionally analysed via Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plots, as versus 1/ . These have been used since 1929, because in 1928 FN predicted they would be linear. In the 1950s, a mistake in FN's thinking was found.
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