Corticospinal interactions are considered to play a key role in executing voluntary movements. Nonetheless several different studies have shown directly and indirectly that these interactions take place long before movement starts, when preparation for forthcoming movements dominates. When motor-related parameters are continuously processed in several premotor cortical sites, segmental circuitry is directly exposed to this processing via descending pathways which originate from these sites in parallel to descending fibers that derive from primary motor cortex. Recent studies have highlighted the functional role of these interactions in priming downstream elements for the ensuing motor actions. Time-resolved analysis has further emphasized the dynamic properties of pre-movement preparatory activity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2010.09.001 | DOI Listing |
Science
January 2025
Maria D. Van Kerkhove is a director at the World Health Organization, leading the Department of Epidemic and Pandemic Threat Management, and serves as the COVID-19 Technical Lead and Emergency Manager in the Health Emergencies Programme, Geneva, Switzerland.
Just over 5 years ago, on New Year's Eve 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) became aware of the first cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China. A massive global infectious disease storm was already brewing-one that would shut down the world, with profound economic, social, and political impacts that still reverberate today. It's understandable that governments and individuals may want to forget that the COVID-19 pandemic ever happened, but such collective amnesia prevents humanity from being ready for the next pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, USA.
Background Preventive measures are critical in avoiding and limiting the severity of diseases. Key lifestyle behaviors include sleep hygiene, habitual exercise, a healthy diet, and avoidance of risky substances, particularly the use of tobacco. The transtheoretical model (TTM) of change suggests that patients can move towards healthful changes through education.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Care Transit
November 2024
The National Alliance to Advance Adolescent Health/Got Transition, 5335 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 440, Washington, DC 20015, USA.
Purpose: Motivational interviewing (MI) techniques are used by health care teams to engage adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in health care self-management and pediatric to adult health care transition (HCT) planning efforts. The aim of this study was to assess the initial level of motivation of AYAs prior to receipt of HCT anticipatory guidance and to determine associations with demographic and health coverage factors.
Methods: This retrospective study included 5112 AYAs, aged 12-26 years, from four health systems.
Healthcare (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Maternity and Childhood Nursing, Nursing College, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Smoking is a detrimental health behavior that can be addressed by designing stage-matched interventions with evidence-based behavioral change models such as the transtheoretical model (TTM). This study applied the TTM to predict smoking cessation stages among adults in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This social media-based cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia used a convenient sample of 491 adult smokers (men and women).
Elife
November 2024
Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Motivation depends on dopamine, but might be modulated by acetylcholine which influences dopamine release in the striatum, and amplifies motivation in animal studies. A corresponding effect in humans would be important clinically, since anticholinergic drugs are frequently used in Parkinson's disease, a condition that can also disrupt motivation. Reward and dopamine make us more ready to respond, as indexed by reaction times (RT), and move faster, sometimes termed vigour.
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