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A historico-medical perspective on ancient epidemics and their impact on past human societies.
J Prev Med Hyg
September 2024
Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
The present article reviews the major historical plague epidemics that characterised human history by combining data derived from historical sources and biomedical evidence emerged in recent years thanks to advancements of palaeogenetics and palaeopathology. Notes are offered on the Plague of Athens, the Antonine Plague, the Plague of Cyprian, the Justinian Plague, the Black Death down to more recent centuries and presenting key aspects that continued to be preserved over time and would also partly characterise the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScurvy complicated with Capnocytophaga sputigena sepsis as a possible cause of death of king Saint-Louis of France (1270 AD).
Microb Pathog
December 2023
Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
The cause of death of Saint-Louis is not known, but recent findings indicated that he presented scurvy and inflammatory jaw disease, which has been associated with infection by oral commensals. Here, we have the exceptional opportunity to analyze the relics of the viscera of King Saint-Louis. A 4.
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G3 (Bethesda)
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ISRA, Centre d'Etudes Régional pour l'Amélioration de l'Adaptation à la Sécheresse, CERAAS-Route de Khombole, Thiès BP 3320, Senegal.
Cultivated peanut or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a grain legume grown in many developing countries by smallholder farmers for food, feed, and/or income. The speciation of the cultivated species, that involved polyploidization followed by domestication, greatly reduced its variability at the DNA level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInnate immune memory in inflammatory arthritis.
Nat Rev Rheumatol
October 2023
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
The concept of immunological memory was demonstrated in antiquity when protection against re-exposure to pathogens was observed during the plague of Athens. Immunological memory has been linked with the adaptive features of T and B cells; however, in the past decade, evidence has demonstrated that innate immune cells can exhibit memory, a phenomenon called 'innate immune memory' or 'trained immunity'. Innate immune memory is currently being defined and is transforming our understanding of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdult Aedes albopictus in winter: implications for mosquito surveillance in southern Europe.
Lancet Planet Health
September 2023
Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona 08034, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain; Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health and Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. Electronic address:
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