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The meninges host a distinct compartment of regulatory T cells that preserves brain homeostasis.
Sci Immunol
January 2025
Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA.
Our understanding of the meningeal immune system has recently burgeoned, particularly regarding how innate and adaptive effector cells are mobilized to meet brain challenges. However, information on how meningeal immunocytes guard brain homeostasis in healthy individuals remains limited. This study highlights the heterogeneous, polyfunctional regulatory T cell (T) compartment in the meninges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiodiversity within phytoplankton-associated microbiomes regulates host physiology, host community ecology, and nutrient cycling.
mSystems
January 2025
Department of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California San Diego School of Biological Sciences, La Jolla, California, USA.
Unlabelled: Biological diversity is declining across the tree of life, including among prokaryotes. With the increasing awareness of host-associated microbes as potential regulators of eukaryotic host physiology, behavior, and ecology, it is important to understand the implications of declining diversity within host microbiomes on host fitness, ecology, and ecosystem function. We used phytoplankton and their associated environmental microbiomes as model systems to test the independent and interactive effects of declining microbiome diversity with and without other stressors often caused by human activity-elevated temperature and altered nutrient availability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCdc42 is crucial for the early regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
January 2025
Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from a quiescent state is a cause of liver fibrosis and a therapeutic target. HSCs are resident mesenchymal cells located in the space of Disse, exhibiting specialized morphological characteristics such as a stellate shape, large lipid droplets, and direct adhesions to hepatocytes via microprojections called HSC spines. Morphological alterations in HSCs play a crucial role in initiating their activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacteristics of different lipid droplet-mitochondrial contacts patterns during lipid droplet metabolism in T2DM-induced MASLD.
Sci Rep
January 2025
School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.
Mitochondrial function is crucial for hepatic lipid metabolism. Current research identifies two types of mitochondria based on their contact with lipid droplets: peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) and cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM). This work aimed to investigate the alterations of CM and PDM in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) induced by spontaneous type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in db/db mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Around 85% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) are diagnosed at an advanced stage (IIIB to IV), where therapeutic options depend on molecular analysis. However, diagnostic material for molecular testing is often represented by cytological samples which are generally scarce and span a wide range of preparation types. Thus, the primary objective is to efficiently manage materials for molecular profiling.
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