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Background: It is crucial to consider cultural, religious, and socio-behavioural factors that may influence the acceptability of Minimally Invasive Tissues Sampling (MITS). MITS is being used to understand the causes of child death and conducted in nine countries within Africa and South Asia with the highest child mortality. Progress has been made in the development of laboratory infrastructures and training for physicians to do MITS, but many communities are concerned about the religious acceptability of taking samples from deceased children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond neuropsychological tests: AI speech analysis in PKU.
J Inherit Metab Dis
January 2025
Division of Digital Health, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder that leads to high levels of phenylalanine, affecting speech and cognitive function.
- Researchers used the Cookie Theft Picture Task to analyze spontaneous speech from adults with PKU and found significant linguistic differences compared to those without the disorder, despite traditional tests showing no differences.
- Advanced AI analysis identified a new dimension of verbal proficiency correlated with PKU biomarkers, suggesting potential for improved assessments in PKU and other rare diseases through speech analysis.
Lexical markers of disordered speech in primary progressive aphasia and 'Parkinson-plus' disorders.
Brain Commun
November 2024
Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK.
Connected speech samples elicited by a picture description task are widely used in the assessment of aphasias, but it is not clear what their interpretation should focus on. Although such samples are easy to collect, analyses of them tend to be time-consuming, inconsistently conducted and impractical for non-specialist settings. Here, we analysed connected speech samples from patients with the three variants of primary progressive aphasia (semantic, svPPA = 9; logopenic, lvPPA = 9; and non-fluent, nfvPPA = 9), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP Richardson's syndrome = 10), corticobasal syndrome (CBS = 13) and age-matched healthy controls ( = 24).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification performance across the life span: Lineups and the reaction time-based Concealed Information Test.
Cognition
January 2025
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Cognitive and social factors can deteriorate eyewitness identification performance in children and older adults. An identification procedure that mitigates the effect of such factors could be beneficial for child and older adult witnesses. In a field experiment, we mapped identification performance in a large community sample (N = 1239) across the lifespan (ages 6-79 years) for two different identification procedures: classic lineups and reaction time-based Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of locked cabinets for automated external defibrillators (AEDs) on cardiac arrest and AED outcomes: A scoping review.
Resusc Plus
December 2024
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Background: Rapid public defibrillation with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) is critical to improving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival. Concerns about AED theft and vandalism have led to implementing security measures, including locked cabinets. This scoping review, conducted as part of the evidence review for the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, explores the impact of securing AEDs in locked cabinets.
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