Biochemical aspects of enzymes of the complement functioning are presented. Proteolytic, esterolytic and amidolytic characteristics of the complement components which are enzymes in their nature as well as the structure and properties of complex proteases of the activated complement are analyzed.
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Structural insights into glucose-6-phosphate recognition and hydrolysis by human G6PC1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
The glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) is an integral membrane protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and plays a vital role in glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation or genetic mutations of G6Pase are associated with diabetes and glycogen storage disease 1a (GSD-1a). Studies have characterized the biophysical and biochemical properties of G6Pase; however, the structure and substrate recognition mechanism of G6Pase remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBand asymmetry-driven nonreciprocal electronic transport in a helimagnetic semimetal α-EuP.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
Chiral magnetic textures give rise to unconventional magnetotransport phenomena such as the topological Hall effect and nonreciprocal electronic transport. While the correspondence between topology or symmetry of chiral magnetic structures and such transport phenomena has been well established, a microscopic understanding based on the spin-dependent band structure in momentum space remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate how a chiral magnetic superstructure introduces an asymmetry in the electronic band structure and triggers a nonreciprocal electronic transport in a centrosymmetric helimagnet α-EuP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlteration of the Catalytic Properties of the Epoxyalcohol Synthase CYP443D1 (NvEAS) of the Starlet Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis as a Result of a Single Amino Acid Substitution.
Dokl Biochem Biophys
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Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences,", 420111, Kazan, Russia.
Cytochromes of the P450 superfamily are widespread in nature; they were found in all studied aerobic organisms. Although the degree of similarity between cytochromes P450 of different families is low, all enzymes of this superfamily have similar tertiary structures. In addition, all cytochromes P450, including enzymes of the CYP74 clan, contain substrate recognition sites in their sequences, which form the catalytic center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscovery of selective ROCK2 inhibitors with free radical scavenging ability for the treatment of gouty arthritis.
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Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China.
ROCK inhibitors can inhibit IL-1β and NLRP3, and their therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis has been confirmed, but their impact on gouty arthritis has not been reported yet. By hybridization the structure of Edaravone, a series of ROCK inhibitors with pyrazolone scaffold were designed and synthesized. RM-04 has acceptable selective ROCK2 inhibitory activity with an IC of 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKey Structural Features of Microvascular Networks Leading to the Formation of Multiple Equilibria.
Bull Math Biol
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Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, Oxfordshire, OX2 6GG, UK.
We analyse mathematical models of blood flow in two simple vascular networks in order to identify structural features that lead to the formation of multiple equilibria. Our models are based on existing rules for blood rheology and haematocrit splitting. By performing bifurcation analysis on these simple network flow models, we identify a link between the changing flow direction in key vessels and the existence of multiple equilibria.
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