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Introduction: Neonatal infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Neonatal infection surveillance networks are necessary for defining the epidemiology of infections and monitoring changes over time.
Design: Prospective multicentre surveillance using a web-based database.
Setting: 12 English neonatal units.
Participants: Newborns admitted in 2006-2008, with positive blood, cerebrospinal fluid or urine culture and treated with antibiotics for at least 5 days.
Outcome Measure: Incidence, age at infection, pathogens and antibiotic resistance profiles.
Results: With the inclusion of coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS), the incidence of all neonatal infection was 8/1000 live births and 71/1000 neonatal admissions (2007-2008). The majority of infections occurred in premature (<37 weeks) and low birthweight (<2500 g) infants (82% and 81%, respectively). The incidence of early onset sepsis (EOS; ≤48 h of age) was 0.9/1000 live births and 9/1000 neonatal admissions, and group B Streptococcus (58%) and Escherichia coli (18%) were the most common organisms. The incidence of late onset sepsis (LOS; >48 h of age) was 3/1000 live births and 29/1000 neonatal admissions (7/1000 live births and 61/1000 admissions including CoNS) and the most common organisms were CoNS (54%), Enterobacteriaceae (21%) and Staphylococcus aureus (18%, 11% of which were methicillin resistant S aureus). Fungi accounted for 9% of LOS (72% Candida albicans). The majority of pathogens causing EOS (95%) and LOS (84%) were susceptible to commonly used empiric first line antibiotic combinations of penicillin/gentamicin and flucloxacillin/gentamicin, respectively (excluding CoNS).
Conclusions: The authors have established NeonIN in England and defined the current epidemiology of neonatal infections. These data can be used for benchmarking among units, international comparisons and as a platform for interventional studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2009.178798 | DOI Listing |
BMC Public Health
December 2024
School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Rd, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
Background: Vaccination is a simple and effective preventative measure against infections and diseases among populations, especially children. This study aimed to evaluate parental/guardians' satisfaction with vaccination services and examine its associated factors in China.
Methods: This study used mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative research methods.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
School of Public Health, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 25, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Background: The Government of Ghana in 2017 included chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate 7.1% gel in the essential medicines list to replace methylated spirit for umbilical cord care. However, there are limited studies around the use of the CHX gel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
Background: Previous evidence had suggested age and sex affect the reporting rate of adverse events following immunization (AEFI), but with little exploration of potential their non-linear and interaction effects on AEFIs. Examining these non-linear effects could be beneficial for identifying high-risk populations.
Methods: Using AEFI records and vaccination data from national passive surveillance system of adverse event following immunization and Zhejiang provincial immunization information system in the 2021-2022 influenza season, respectively.
BMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University P.O.Box.1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: Early detection and treatment of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) could reduce the risk of developing life-threatening sepsis in childhood. However, little is known about sepsis caused by CRKP in children under-5 in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance profile, associated risk factors and management of CRKP in children under-5 with sepsis in Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Sci
December 2024
Neurophysiopathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Introduction: Biallelic variants in QARS1, a house-keeping gene involved in protein synthesis, cause a rare encephalopathy classically characterized by severe developmental delay, drug-resistant neonatal-onset epilepsy, microcephaly, and brain atrophy. We aim to raise awareness on mild QARS1-related phenotypes describing a 6-year-old patient.
Case Description: Epilepsy onset occurred at 3.
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