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Olanzapine-Induced Black Hairy Tongue During Treatment of Hebephrenic Schizophrenia Decompensation: A Rare Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Ave, Guimarães, PRT.
Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign, self-limiting, and usually asymptomatic condition, characterized by abnormally hypertrophied and elongated filiform papillae on the surface of the tongue. In this article, we present the case of a woman diagnosed with hebephrenic schizophrenia who developed BHT after using olanzapine to treat an acute episode of the disease. The temporal coincidence between the development of BHT and the increase in olanzapine dosage to 20 mg daily suggests a likely dose-dependent relationship, making this psychotropic drug the most probable cause of this condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOlanzapine-Induced Thrombocytopenia in a Patient With Chronic Schizophrenia: A Case Report.
Cureus
November 2024
Psychiatry, Al Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Emirates Health Services, Dubai, ARE.
Olanzapine, a second-generation antipsychotic widely used for schizophrenia, is primarily known for its efficacy in managing both positive and negative symptoms. While its metabolic side effects are well-documented, hematologic complications such as thrombocytopenia are rare and often underrecognized. A 30-year-old Middle Eastern male with a longstanding history of schizophrenia developed persistent thrombocytopenia after several years of olanzapine use, with platelet counts consistently below the normal range.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIUPHAR themed review: The gut microbiome in schizophrenia.
Pharmacol Res
December 2024
UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Electronic address:
Gut microbial dysbiosis or altered gut microbial consortium, in schizophrenia suggests a pathogenic role through the gut-brain axis, influencing neuroinflammatory and neurotransmitter pathways critical to psychotic, affective, and cognitive symptoms. Paradoxically, conventional psychotropic interventions may exacerbate this dysbiosis, with antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, demonstrating profound effects on microbial architecture through disruption of bacterial phyla ratios, diminished taxonomic diversity, and attenuated short-chain fatty acid synthesis. To address these challenges, novel therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, encompassing probiotic supplementation, prebiotic compounds, faecal microbiota transplantation, and rationalised co-pharmacotherapy, show promise in attenuating antipsychotic-induced metabolic disruptions while enhancing therapeutic efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of factors associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A nationwide cohort study.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: The incidence of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is difficult to predict in real-world practice because various factors influence it. This study aimed to explore background and medication-related factors associated with weight gain in patients newly prescribed with antipsychotic medication.
Methods: This nationwide, multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted in Japan.
Early adolescent second-generation antipsychotic exposure produces long-term, post-treatment increases in body weight and metabolism-associated gene expression.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
December 2024
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States of America.
The use of second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medications in pediatric patients raises concerns about potential long-term adverse outcomes. The current study evaluated the long-term effects of treatment with risperidone or olanzapine on body weight, caloric intake, serum insulin, blood glucose, and metabolism-associated gene expression in C57Bl/6J female mice. Compared to mice treated with vehicle, female mice treated with risperidone or olanzapine gained weight at higher rates during treatment and maintained higher body weights for months following treatment cessation.
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