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Remodeling the Epigenome Through Meditation: Effects on Brain, Body, and Well-being.
Subcell Biochem
January 2025
Department of Biology and Biotechnologies C. Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Epigenetic mechanisms are key processes that constantly reshape genome activity carrying out physiological responses to environmental stimuli. Such mechanisms regulate gene activity without modifying the DNA sequence, providing real-time adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Both favorable and unfavorable lifestyles have been shown to influence body and brain by means of epigenetics, leaving marks on the genome that can either be rapidly reversed or persist in time and even be transmitted trans-generationally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigating Disembodiment-related Brain Activation by Interaction between Perspective-shifting and the Experience of Agency in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Possible Relationship with Interoceptive Abilities.
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
Objective: Many studies have explored sense of self in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, few have reported on their experience of "disembodiment." This study aimed to investigate the differences in brain activity between patients with ASD and neurotypicals (NTs) under conditions causing disembodiment and to examine the correlation between their interoceptive abilities and disembodiment-related brain activity.
Methods: 18 Participants with ASD and 21 NTs completed psychological evaluations, interoceptive abilities measurement, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Microglial modulation of neuronal network function and plasticity.
J Neurophysiol
January 2025
Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro. México.
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), which have been classically viewed as involved in CNS responses to damage and tissue repair. However, microglia are constantly sensing neuronal network activity and changes in the CNS milieu, establishing complex state-dependent microglia-neuron interactions that impact their functions. By doing so, microglia perform a wide range of physiological roles, including brain homeostasis maintenance, control of neural connectivity, network function modulation, as well as functional and morphological plasticity regulation in health and disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamic planning in hierarchical active inference.
Neural Netw
January 2025
Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Padova, Italy. Electronic address:
By dynamic planning, we refer to the ability of the human brain to infer and impose motor trajectories related to cognitive decisions. A recent paradigm, active inference, brings fundamental insights into the adaptation of biological organisms, constantly striving to minimize prediction errors to restrict themselves to life-compatible states. Over the past years, many studies have shown how human and animal behaviors could be explained in terms of active inference - either as discrete decision-making or continuous motor control - inspiring innovative solutions in robotics and artificial intelligence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdjusting the Yo-Yo IRT-1 equation to estimate VO2max of sub-elite football referees: a gender-comparative study.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Background: To gain optimal positioning to make sure the game laws are applied in uniform way, the performance of field referee must be periodically evaluated to have constantly adequate training during a match and during the competitive season. Considering that field Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test-Level 1 is frequently employed in elite team sport players to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (VO
Methods: During off-season, 20 male (21.
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