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Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics illuminate bat immunity and barrier tissue evolution.
Mol Biol Evol
January 2025
Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Bats have adapted to pathogens through diverse mechanisms, including increased resistance - rapid pathogen elimination, and tolerance - limiting tissue damage following infection. In the Egyptian fruit bat (an important model in comparative immunology) several mechanisms conferring disease tolerance were discovered, but mechanisms underpinning resistance remain poorly understood. Previous studies on other species suggested that elevated basal expression of innate immune genes may lead to increased resistance to infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy of Mitogenomes Provides Implications for the Phylogenetics and Evolution of the Infraorder Muscomorpha in Diptera.
Ecol Evol
January 2025
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Control and Utinization; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China.
The Muscomorpha is one of the most species-rich brachyceran groups in Diptera, with many species serving as important disease vectors; however, its high-level phylogenetic relationships have long been controversial and unsolved. This study comparatively analyzed the characteristics of mitogenomes of 131 species that represent 18 superfamilies in Muscomorpha, in which mitogenomes of 16 species have been newly sequenced and annotated, demonstrating that their gene composition, order, AT bias, length variation, and codon usage are consistent with documented dipteran mitogenomes. The phylogenetic topologies demonstrated that the robustness of Muscomorpha and major clades within Muscomorpha are monophyletic: Cyclorrhapha, Schizophora, and Calyptratae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRetention forestry involves leaving single or groups of unharvested trees within harvest areas. Patch retention, which resembles structures such as unburned patches remaining after wildfire, is one practice implemented within the framework of Ecosystem-based Forest Management (EBM), which seeks to use natural forests as a model and minimize differences in natural and managed forests. Despite the widespread adoption of patch retention practices, few comparisons of the attributes of postfire and postharvest islands, or their drivers, have been made.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMass wasting reveals ongoing asymmetric retreat of the martian north polar ice cap.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Ongoing mass wasting through ice block falls is intensive at the north polar ice cap of Mars. We monitored how this activity is currently shaping the marginal steep scarps of the ice cap, which holds a record of the planet's climate history. With AI-driven change detection between multi-temporal high-resolution satellite images, we created a comprehensive map of mass wasting across the entire North Polar Layered Deposits (NPLD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobial biogeography along a 2578 km transect on the East Antarctic Plateau.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB), INTA-CSIC, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.
Microorganisms are present in snow/ice of the Antarctic Plateau, but their biogeography and metabolic state under extreme local conditions are poorly understood. Here, we show the diversity and distribution of microorganisms in air (1.5 m height) and snow/ice down to 4 m depth at three distant latitudes along a 2578 km transect on the East Antarctic Plateau on board an environmentally friendly, mobile platform.
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