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Accurate image reconstruction within and beyond the field-of-view of CT system from data with truncation.
Phys Med Biol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Chicago, 60637, UNITED STATES.
Objective: Accurate image reconstruction from data with truncation in X-ray computed tomography (CT) remains a topic of research interest; and the works reported previously in the literature focus largely on reconstructing an image only within the scanning field-of-view (FOV). We develop algorithms to invert the data model with truncation for accurate image reconstruction within the entire subject support or a region slightly smaller than the subject support.
Methods: We formulate image reconstruction from data with truncation as an optimization program, which includes hybrid constraints on image total variation (TV) and image L1-norm for effectively suppressing truncation artifacts.
On the Analysis of Protein Genetic Architecture: Response to "Protein sequence landscapes are not so simple".
bioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
We recently reanalyzed 20 combinatorial mutagenesis datasets using a novel reference-free analysis (RFA) method and showed that high-order epistasis contributes negligibly to protein sequence-function relationships in every case. Dupic, Phillips, and Desai (DPD) commented on a preprint of our work. In our published paper, we addressed all the major issues they raised, but we respond directly to them here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of thyroid dose in orthopantomogram imaging with different thyroid shield materials: a Monte Carlo simulation study.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry
December 2024
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Shahid Jalil St., Yasuj, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran.
Radiation protection in dental radiography can be achieved by adjusting the image field size, exposure, and filtration parameters, and using protective lead shields. The aim of this study is to assess the radiation dose delivered to the thyroid in a phantom irradiated by an orthopantomogram (OPG) system using Geant4 simulation toolkit. Recently, researchers have been trying to find an alternative material to the lead thyroid shield so that the OPG image has minimal metal artifacts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVisual perceptual artefacts in cardiothoracic imaging: Implications for diagnostic accuracy and strategies for mitigation.
J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol
November 2024
Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Visual perceptual artefacts are distortions or illusions in medical image interpretation arising from the human visual system rather than hardware or imaging acquisition processes. These artefacts, emerging at various visual processing stages, such as the retina, visual pathways, visual cortex, and cognitive interpretation stages, impact the interpretation of cardiothoracic images. This review discusses artefacts including Mach bands, Dark Rim, Background Effects, Ambiguous Figures, Subjective Contours, and the Parallax Effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF4DCT image artifact detection using deep learning.
Med Phys
November 2024
Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) is crucial for radiation therapy but can suffer from motion artifacts that hinder accurate imaging.
- A deep learning algorithm using a U-net convolutional neural network was created to identify various artifact types in 4DCT images, trained on over 23,000 slices from 98 scans.
- The model outperformed previous methods with a sensitivity of 78%, specificity of 99%, and an ROC AUC of 0.99, showing it can effectively detect multiple artifacts in a single image.
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