Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) lineages have been identified that are endemic to Bioko Island. The time the island formed offers a geological time scale calibration point for dating the most recent common ancestor of SIV. The Bioko viruses cover the whole range of SIV genetic diversity, and each Bioko SIV clade is most closely related to viruses circulating in hosts of the same genus on the African mainland rather than to SIVs of other Bioko species. Our phylogeographic approach establishes that SIV is ancient and at least 32,000 years old. Our conservative calibration point and analyses of gene sequence saturation and dating bias suggest it may be much older.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1193550 | DOI Listing |
Korean J Orthod
January 2025
Department of Orthodontics, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the accuracy of Qlone, Magiscan, and 3dMD with that of direct anthropometry (DA).
Methods: The study involved 41 patients. Sixteen facial landmarks, including six individual and five paired points, were marked on each participant's face.
BMJ Ment Health
January 2025
Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Evidence-based mental health requires patient-relevant outcome data, but many indicators lack clinical meaning and fail to consider youth perceptions. The minimally important change (MIC) indicator designates change as meaningful to patients, yet is rarely reported in youth mental health trials.
Objective: This study aimed to establish MIC thresholds for two patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), the Columbia Impairment Scale (CIS) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), using different estimation methods.
Eur J Radiol
January 2025
Jiangsu Province Nantong City Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, China. Electronic address:
Objective: This study aimed to explore the predictive value of baseline CT body composition and its early changes on recurrence-free survival (RFS) following radical gastrectomy, while also assessing potential sex-related differences.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of gastric cancer (GC) patients with confirmed pathology from October 2019 to May 2023. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative CT scans to assess visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), skeletal muscle area (SMA), and skeletal muscle density (SMD), along with calculating their respective rates of change.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Background: High dietary quality can protect against diet-related chronic diseases. In the United States, racial and ethnic minorities and those with lower incomes consistently exhibit lower dietary quality. Independently-owned restaurants are a common prepared food source in minority low-income communities, but there are significant knowledge gaps on how to work with these restaurants to offer healthy food, due to underlying and dynamic complexities associated with providing healthy food options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Computer and Information Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010000, China.
This paper proposes a method for fast and accurate vehicle speed measurement based on a monocular camera. Firstly, by establishing a new camera imaging model, the calibration method for variable focal lengths is optimized, simplifying the transformation process between the four coordinate systems in traditional camera imaging models, and the method does not need to restore the pixel coordinates to dedistortion. Secondly, based on the camera imaging model, a two-dimensional positioning algorithm is proposed.
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