Fertility and pregnancy outcomes following conservative treatment for placenta accreta.

Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the fertility and pregnancy outcomes after successful conservative treatment for placenta accreta.

Methods: This retrospective national multicenter study included women with a history of conservative management for placenta accreta in French university hospitals from 1993 through 2007. Success of conservative treatment was defined by uterine preservation. Data were retrieved from medical files and telephone interviews.

Results: Follow-up data were available for 96 (73.3%) of the 131 women included in the study. There were eight women who had severe intrauterine synechiae and were amenorrheic. Of the 27 women who wanted more children, 3 women were attempting to become pregnant (mean duration: 11.7 months, range: 7-14 months), and 24 (88.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), 70.8-97.6%]) women had had 34 pregnancies (21 third-trimester deliveries, 1 ectopic pregnancy, 2 elective abortions and 10 miscarriages) with a mean time to conception of 17.3 months (range, 2-48 months). All 21 deliveries had resulted in healthy babies born after 34 weeks of gestation. Placenta accreta recurred in 6 of 21 cases [28.6% (95% CI, 11.3-52.2%)] and was associated with placenta previa in 4 cases. Post-partum hemorrhage occurred in four [19.0% (95% CI, 5.4-41.9%)] cases, related to placenta accreta in three and to uterine atony in one.

Conclusions: Successful conservative treatment for placenta accreta does not appear to compromise the patients' subsequent fertility or obstetrical outcome. Nevertheless, patients should be advised of the high risk that placenta accreta may recur during future pregnancies.