A theory of muscle contraction developed by the authors in their earlier papers based on the idea of hydrogen-bond attractive force increase under excitation is modified for the model of myosin head swivel. The hydrogen bonds are supposed to be located at a hinge or near actin-myosin contact. The energy of ATP decay is transferred to the hydrogen bonds whose operation results in myosin head swivel. Equation of actin-chain globules vibrations is considered together with the equation for myosin head swivel by an angle psi approximately pi/4. Solution of the set of equations gives the time dependence of a globule displacement and of the force acting on the transverse z-membrane of the muscle fibre. Here the force and displacement in one act of ATP decay are obtained to be of the correct order of magnitude, F approximately 13 kg per 1 cm2 of muscle section and delta 1-10(-6) cm.
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Nucleic Acids Res
October 2024
Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
In eukaryotic translation initiation, the 48S preinitiation complex (PIC) scans the 5' untranslated region of mRNAs to search for the cognate start codon (AUG) with assistance from various eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). Cognate start codon recognition is precise, rejecting near-cognate codons with a single base difference. However, the structural basis of discrimination of near-cognate start codons was not known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
August 2024
Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
Translocation in protein synthesis entails the efficient and accurate movement of the mRNA-[tRNA]2 substrate through the ribosome after peptide bond formation. An essential conformational change during this process is the swiveling of the small subunit head domain about two rRNA 'hinge' elements. Using iterative selection and molecular dynamics simulations, we derive alternate hinge elements capable of translocation in vitro and in vivo and describe their effects on the conformational trajectory of the EF-G-bound, translocating ribosome.
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August 2024
Hamad Medical Corporation, Orthopedics Surgery, Doha, Qatar.
Medial swivel dislocation is a rare subtype of midtarsal bone dislocation, mostly associated with fracture rather than isolated dislocation. It is caused by medially or laterally direct forces to the midfoot. In case of failed closed reduction of the deformity, the patient should undergo open reduction and stabilization of the injury as soon as possible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethodsX
June 2024
Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) electrode digitization is crucial for accurate EEG source estimation, and several commercial systems are available for this purpose. The present study aimed to evaluate the digitizing accuracy of electromagnetic and optical systems. Additionally, we introduced a novel rotation method for the electromagnetic system and compared its accuracy with the conventional method of electromagnetic and optical systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Imaging
April 2024
Nuclear Medicine Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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