Hematologic abnormalities of mild anemia and leucopenia have been frequently associated with acute brucellosis, but thrombocytopenia are less frequently seen. In the present study, we documented 5 (2.6%) isolated thrombocytopenic patients with the manifestations of brucellosis observed during the course of active infection. Five (2.6%) patients, 4 boys and 1 girl, with ages ranging from 2 to 14 years, had isolated thrombocytopenic at diagnosis. In 5 (2.6%) patients, platelet counts ranged from 39,000 to 120,000/mm(3). Tube agglutination tests for brucellosis were positive for all patients (1/160-1/1280). All patients recovered completely, and their thrombocytopenia returned to normal by 2 to 4 weeks after antibiotic treatment of brucellosis. In our study, we present 5 patients with Brucella-induced thrombocytopenia mimicking idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura to emphasize the isolated thrombocytopenia and the resolution of thrombocyte counts following treatment of brucellosis.
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