Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhong-shan Road, Dalian, China.
Published: January 2011
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Propofol O-glucuronidation has been used as probe reaction to phenotype UGT1A9 activity in human liver, thus a sensitive and specific method for determination of propofol O-glucuronide (PG) is urgently desirable. In the current study, a new LC-ESI-MS method for determination of PG in hepatic microsomes from human (HLM), monkey (CyLM), dog (DLM), minipig (PLM), rat (RLM) and mouse (MLM) was developed and validated using 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-d-glucuronide as an internal standard (IS). PG and IS was separated by a Shim-pack XR-ODS column (100 mm × 2.0mm, 2.2 μm, Shimadzu) under gradient conditions with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and water containing 0.2% acetic acid (v/v). The mass spectrometric detection was performed under selected ion monitoring (SIM) for PG at m/z 353 and IS at m/z 351. The assay exhibited linearity over the range 0.05-30 μM for PG with the correlation coefficient of 0.9995. The intra- and inter-day precision was less than 7.2%, with accuracy in the range 93.8-107.5%. The developed method was successfully used for characterizing interspecies and human individual differences in the O-glucuronidation activity towards propofol, as well as investigating inhibitory effects of androsterone and phenylbutazone on propofol O-glucuronidation in HLM.
Introduction: Use of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is still in the focus of research, in which pigs are commonly involved. During VA-ECMO, cardiovascular parameters are artificially manipulated and therefore not reliable indicators of nociception. Nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) thresholds can be a suitable alternative in such a context.
Background And Importance: Effective and safe procedural sedation is pivotal for the quality of care in the emergency department (ED).
Objectives: The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety procedural sedation performed by emergency physicians in the ED setting in Italy.
Design/setting And Participants/intervention: Following a specific training of the staff and with the adoption of a standardized protocol, a registry of procedural sedations performed on adult patients in 10 Italian EDs was compiled from 2019 to 2022; the following basic data were recorded: demographic and clinical information, procedure's indication, administered drugs, predefined, and actual sedation level.
Objectives: Propofol and thiopental are widely used as hypnotic, sedative, antiepileptic, and analgesic agents in general anesthesia and intensive care; however, their side effects remain unknown. They are used for long periods and at high doses for sedation in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and intensive care units. Long-term and high-dose use of these drugs can lead to accumulation in plasma and tissues, resulting in high drug concentrations and increasing the risk of potential toxicity (e.
Objective: This study aimed to determine whether PONV rates differed over time and to identify potential differences in PONV risk factors for oral surgery patients undergoing general inhalational anesthesia (IA) or propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA).
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients between 16 and 85 years of age and who received intubated general anesthesia with either IA or TIVA for minor oral surgery between January 2021 and July 2022. Primary outcomes were PONV overall (onset at 0-24 hours), early (onset at 0-2 hours), and late (onset at 2-24 hours).
Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is increasingly performed under sedation in older patients. Aging has implications in increasing the morbidity and the risk of complications related to sedation. The aim of this study is to assess the difference in complications between patients aged 65 to 74 years and those aged over 75 years.
