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Rethinking the Three Rs: Growing Momentum Toward a New Gold Standard in Australian Research.
Altern Lab Anim
July 2024
Animal-Free Science Advocacy, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Recent years have seen increasing recognition of the scientific, economic and ethical benefits of the use of non-animal models in advancing preclinical research, giving reason to rethink the application and framework of the Three Rs. However, to benefit from the economic advantages of shifting to such alternative methods, and to realise Australia's drug development potential, legislative reform is essential. Such reform should be responsive to international regulations that encourage the use of animal-free methods, and be coupled with a corresponding re-evaluation of current Three Rs frameworks and principles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProgress and Remaining Opportunities to Increase the Use of Animal-free Antibodies in the USA.
Altern Lab Anim
September 2024
PETA Science Consortium International e.V., Stuttgart, Germany.
The scientific and ethical issues associated with the use of animal-derived antibodies in research can be overcome by the use of animal-free, sequence-defined recombinant antibodies, whose benefits are well documented. Here, we describe progress made following a 2019 expert meeting focused on improving the quality and reproducibility of biomedical research by accelerating the production and use of animal-free recombinant antibodies in the USA. In the five intervening years since the meeting, participants have established multifaceted initiatives to tackle the next steps outlined during the meeting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhototoxicity Prediction of Drugs and Chemicals by using Derek Nexus and QSAR Toolbox.
Altern Lab Anim
July 2024
Institute of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Centre of Experimental Medicine SAS, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Phototoxicity testing is crucial for evaluating the potential harmful effects of pharmaceuticals and chemicals on human skin when exposed to sunlight. Traditional models involving mice, rats, guinea pigs, as well as assays such as the 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake phototoxicity assay and methods based on the use of reconstructed human epidermis, have been established for phototoxicity testing. While these approaches are extremely valuable, they are costly in terms of both time and resources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpin polarization of photoelectrons emitted from spin-orbit coupled surface states of Pb/Ge(111).
Microscopy (Oxf)
October 2024
Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 3-13 Sakura, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan.
We report that the spin vector of photoelectrons emitted from an atomic layer Pb grown on a germanium substrate [Pb/Ge(111)] can be controlled using an electric field of light. The spin polarization of photoelectrons excited by a linearly polarized light is precisely investigated by spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The spin polarization of the photoelectrons observed in the mirror plane reverses between p- and s-polarized lights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Accomplishments of KoCVAM in the Development and Implementation of Alternative Methods in Korea.
Altern Lab Anim
May 2024
Korean Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (KoCVAM), Toxicological Screening and Testing Division, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea.
The Korean Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (KoCVAM), which promotes the Three Rs principles and the use of alternative methods in Korea, has been operating within the Toxicological Screening and Testing Division of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) since 2009. KoCVAM has exchanged opinions and information on the development and validation of non-animal alternative test methods as part of the International Cooperation on Alternative Test Methods (ICATM), and provided input into draft OECD Test Guidelines (TGs). Several Korean laws (e.
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