The authors report the first case of fetus in fetu situated in the adrenal gland where the diagnosis was suggested by prenatal ultrasound. The anatomo-pathology, the aetiology, the antenatal ultrasound picture and the treatment of this abnormality of embryonic development are described.
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Endocrinology
January 2025
Reproduction, Mother and Child Health, Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
Leydig cells produce hormones that are required for male development, fertility, and health. Two Leydig cell populations produce these hormones but at different times during development: fetal Leydig cells, which are active during fetal life, and adult Leydig cells, which are functional postnatally. Historically, our ability to understand the origin and function of Leydig cells has been made difficult by the lack of genetic models to exclusively target these cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia through the measurement of 17-hydroxyprogesterone on the neonatal blood spot aims to: a) prevent neonatal deaths; b) allow earlier identification and thereby decrease the severity of the initial salt-wasting episode; and c) shorten the time during which a severely virilized genetic female newborn may be assigned the male sex. It is now practiced in the majority of high-income countries, although the positive predictive value of the test is very low in infants born preterm, who seem to be infrequently affected. In almost all low- and middle-income countries, it has not yet been implemented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Perinat Med
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the adrenal gland size of fetuses with congenital heart diseases (CHD) and normal fetuses.
Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective study we measured the fetal adrenal gland size (total width, cortex width, medulla width, adrenal gland ratio of total width divided by medulla width) in 62 fetuses with CHD and 62 gestational-age-matched controls between 20 + 0 and 39 + 3 weeks of gestation. First, we clustered three CHD subgroups: CHD group_1 with a normal outflow tract (n=7), CHD group_2 with an altered outflow tract and anterograde flow in the ascending aorta (n=39) and CHD group_3 with an altered outflow tract and retrograde flow in the ascending aorta (n=16).
Brain Behav Immun Integr
December 2024
Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Maternal immune activation (MIA), a maternal stressor, increases risk for neuropsychiatric diseases, such as Major Depressive Disorder in offspring. MIA of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) initiates an immune response in mother and fetuses in a sex-selective manner. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), a brain region that is sexually dimorphic and regulates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress responses, have been tied to stress-related behaviors (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Preterm birth (PTB) is associated with newborn morbidity and mortality. DNA methylation plays an important role in the development of fetus, thus can also serve as an epigenetic biomarker. Limited epigenetic studies were conducted in regard to PTB.
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