Comparison of some of the physicochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetic and normal human bones: a sample study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare some of the physicochemical characteristics of type 2 diabetic bones (DBs) and normal bones (NBs).

Materials And Methods: The organic and inorganic parts of human NBs and DBs were separated using conventional methods, and their physicochemical characteristics were compared using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results: The IR spectrum of the collagen part of DBs has showed the presence of carbonyl groups, indicating cross-linking in the α-chain. This was also confirmed by the increased thermal stability (22°C) in DB collagen. The XRD data of the inorganic part of DBs have revealed decreased crystallinity. SEM images of the inorganic part of DBs have shown a porous (weak) nature compared to those of NBs, which exhibited a compact (healthy) nature.

Conclusion: The cross-linking in DB collagen molecules and the decreased and defective crystallinity in the inorganic portion of DBs might be the reasons for the increased risk of fracture among diabetic patients.