A 55-year-old male was admitted with fever, productive cough and dyspnea for a month. Chest X-ray revealed infiltration in the right lower lung field and right pleural effusion. Cultures of sputum, bone marrow and peripheral blood disclosed mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex. The specimens of the liver, gallbladder wall and mesenterium obtained on cholecystectomy revealed epithelioid granulomas. Fifteen months after the admission, bronchoscopic finding showed a pedunculated polyp in the right main bronchus, and three other bronchial polyps in the truncus intermedius, right basal bronchus and B6. These bronchial lesions improved with combination chemotherapy containing cycloserine (CS) and other antituberculosis drugs. He was discharged 36 months after the admission. Perforation of the involved hilar lymph-nodes was considered to play an important role in the development of the multiple bronchial polyps. Cases of disseminated atypical mycobacteriosis accompanied with multiple bronchial polyps are extremely rare.
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