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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.2745.297 | DOI Listing |
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The debate on the causes and the nature of pellagra in Italy during the nineteenth century resembles and evokes the similar debate on General Paralysis of the Insane (GPI) that was growing at the same time in the United Kingdom. Pellagra and GPI had a massive and virulent impact on the populations of Italy and the UK, respectively, and contributed to a great extent to the increase and overcrowding of the asylum populations in these countries. This article compares the two illnesses by examining the features of their nosographic positioning, aetiology and pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNicotinic acid and its derivatives: synthetic routes, crystal forms and polymorphs.
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Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, 730000, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
Nicotinic acid is a well-known pharmaceutical in the vitamin B group that has attracted great interest in the past decades due to its significant importance in the treatment of the human diseases like pellagra. Also, nicotinic acid derivatives have been devoted to much attention due to their different pharmaceutical effects in the treatment of diseases. In view of this, the developments of nicotinic acid and its derivatives including their synthetic methods by using different substrates, and their structural modifications (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe discovery of niacin, biotin, and pantothenic acid.
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The aim was to describe the discovery of niacin, biotin, and pantothenic acid. By the 1920s, it became apparent that 'water-soluble B' (vitamin B) is not a single substance. In particular, fresh yeast could prevent both beriberi and pellagra, but the 'antipolyneuritis factor' in yeast is thermolabile, while the antipellagra factor is heat stable, suggesting that there are at least two water-soluble vitamins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Hartnup disease (report of 2 cases in one family)].
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Introduction: The Hartnup mutation affects the amino acid transport system of the intestine and kidney used by a large group of neutral amino acids (monoamino-monocarboxylic acids) resulting in a characteristic pattern of neutral aminoaciduria [2, 5, 6].
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