Carcinomatous pleuritis, accompanied by pleural dissemination or malignant pleural effusion, is listed as one of the factors limiting adequate surgical treatment. It is relatively easy to peel the parietal pleura of the chest wall and mediastinum during a pleuropneumonectomy, but it is quite difficult to peel the parietal pleura of the diaphragm. A pleuropneumonectomy was conducted with the combined resection of the pericardium and all layers of the diaphragm without opening of the peritoneum through a posterolateral subcostal approach. This approach thus made it possible to perform a complete resection of the diaphragm relatively easily in a reliable manner, and also contributed to a more thorough resection of pleural dissemination without a second thoracotomy.
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