Dynamics and mechanisms of oscillatory photosynthesis.

We classify mathematical models that can be used to describe photosynthetic oscillations using ideas from nonlinear dynamics, and discuss potential mechanisms for photosynthetic oscillations in the context of this classification. We then turn our attention to recent experiments with leaves transferred to a low CO₂ atmosphere which revealed stochastic oscillations with a period of a few seconds. Rubisco is the enzyme that takes both CO₂ and O₂ as substrates correspondingly for photosynthetic assimilation and for photorespiration. Photosynthesis depletes CO₂ and produces O₂ while respiration and photorespiration work in the opposite direction, so the product of one process becomes the reactant of the other coupled process. We examine the possibility of oscillations of CO₂ and O₂ in the leaf in relation to photorespiration. We suggest that in the cell, oscillations with a period of a few seconds, corresponding to the time between photosynthetic CO₂ fixation and photorespiratory CO₂ release, underlie the dynamics of metabolism in C₃ plants.