Purpose: To evaluate the impact of lawsuits on the accessibility of company websites.
Method: Convenience samples of websites for America Online (AOL), Southwest Airlines, Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA), Priceline.com, and Claire's were evaluated for years surrounding their respective lawsuits. The results of each website were compared to a random control group of websites and to a reference website (of a similarly sized company that has not been sued and is in the same industry). Where possible, two archived instances of each website were collected per year. Accessibility was measured using the Web Accessibility Barrier (WAB) metric to evaluate the homepage and pages at level 1. Analysis of variance was computed on the common periods between each pairing of sued and reference websites.
Results: The case studies demonstrate mixed evidence that lawsuits work. In the cases of MARTA, Southwest and Priceline, there is supporting evidence that lawsuits have been successful. In the cases of AOL and Claire's, the evidence is weaker.
Conclusion: This case study examination shows mixed evidence that lawsuits work to force companies to modify their websites to be more accessible to people with disabilities: three cases show evidence for the success and two show weaker supporting evidence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17483107.2010.512971 | DOI Listing |
Shoulder Elbow
January 2025
Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Paramus, NJ, USA.
Background: The purpose of this study is to characterize malpractice claims against orthopedic surgeons treating humeral fractures and determine factors associated with plaintiff verdicts and settlements.
Methods: The Westlaw legal database was queried for all cases involving humeral fractures. Patient demographics, causes cited for litigation, case outcomes, and indemnity payments were collected to determine common factors that lead plaintiffs to pursue legal action.
N Z Med J
January 2025
Professor, Department of Public Health, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington.
Aim: In February 2024, the Aotearoa New Zealand Government repealed legislation to mandate very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs), greatly reduce the number of tobacco retailers and disallow sale of tobacco products to people born after 2008 (smokefree generation). We investigated acceptability and likely impacts of these measures among people who smoke or who recently (≤2 years) quit smoking.
Method: We analysed data from 1,230 participants from Wave 3 (conducted in late 2020 and early 2021) and 615 participants from Wave 3.
JAMA Health Forum
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Importance: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded Medicaid and Marketplace insurance to nonelderly adults in 2014, but whether these policies improved outcomes later in life is unknown.
Objective: To examine whether exposure to ACA expansions during middle age (50-64 years) was associated with changes in health, utilization, and spending after these adults entered Medicare at 65 years of age.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This serial analysis of the Health and Retirement Study cohort linked to Medicare enrollment and claims data from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2018.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Introduction: Snakebite envenomation has been declared a neglected tropical disease by the WHO since 2017. The disease is endemic in affected areas due to the lack of availability and access to antivenom, despite it being the standard treatment for snakebites. This challenge is perpetuated by the shortcomings of the regulatory systems and policies governing the management of antivenoms.
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