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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.5492.895 | DOI Listing |
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Separate and combined blockades of α- and β-adrenergic receptors in forearm sweating induced by adrenergic agents and exercise in the heat in young adults.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
December 2024
Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan.
The assessment of adrenergic modulation of sweating as assessed via pharmacologic administration of α- and β-adrenergic receptor blockers during exercise has yielded mixed findings. However, the underlying mechanisms for this disparity remains unresolved. We investigated the effects of separate and combined blockade of α- and β-adrenergic receptors on forearm sweating induced by a 30-min moderate-intensity exercise bout (n=17, protocol 1) and the administration of adrenergic agonists epinephrine and norepinephrine (n=16, protocol 2) in the heat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnexpected pheochromocytoma leading to cardiac arrest during the perioperative period: a case report and literature review.
BMC Anesthesiol
December 2024
Department of Anaesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, 322000, China.
Background: Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) are rare neuroendocrine catecholamine (CA)-secreting tumours that originate from chromaffin tissue and can produce and store CAs. Unexpected PCCs pose a serious threat to the perioperative safety of patients and a considerable challenge to anaesthesiologists because of the risks of fatal hypertensive crises and other stresses.
Case Presentation: A 37-year-old woman who was scheduled for tonsillectomy and palatopharyngoplasty under general anaesthesia experienced a malignant cardiovascular event after induction, which was characterized mainly by a sharp increase in heart rate and blood pressure, ultimately leading to cardiac arrest and the occurrence of secondary long QT syndrome.
Beta-adrenergic blockade via atenolol negatively affects body and heart mass and renal morphology in the developing chicken (Gallus Gallus Domesticus).
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol
November 2024
Developmental Integrative Biology Group, The University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX 76203, USA. Electronic address:
Atenolol is a widely prescribed β-cardioselective blocker. We studied atenolol effects on cardiac and renal development in day 18 (D18) chicken embryos. Embryos were dosed with atenolol (3 μg atenolol/g estimated embryo mass) for three days during one of the mesonephric kidney stage (D7-D9), mesonephric-metanephric stage (D11-D13), or metanephric stage (D15-D17), and then sampled on D18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdrenal epinephrine facilitates erythropoietin gene activation by hypoxia through β2 adrenergic receptor interaction with Hif-2α.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
January 2025
Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) occurring at high altitudes activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and increases circulating erythropoietin (EPO) levels. EPO stimulates red blood cell production (erythropoiesis), enhancing oxygen transport in arterial blood to counteract hypoxemia. The present study tested the hypothesis that SNS contributes to EPO activation by HH through epinephrine (EPI) release from the adrenal medullae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFemoral Artery Infusion of αMSH Increases Muscle Thermogenesis and Promotes Glucose Uptake in Ovariectomized Ewes.
Endocrinology
November 2024
Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- The melanocortin system plays a crucial role in controlling energy balance and weight regulation, with recent findings indicating its effects on peripheral tissues like skeletal muscle, independent of the brain or SNS.
- Infusing α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH) directly into the femoral artery significantly increased heat production in skeletal muscle, while not affecting food intake, demonstrating its local action in energy expenditure.
- The study also revealed that αMSH infusion enhanced mitochondrial function, increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, and showed that blocking SNS with certain drugs did not impact αMSH's effects, highlighting its unique role in energy regulation.
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