With the reversed passive hemagglutination technique it is possible to detect minimal amounts of botulinum type A, B and E toxins (s. Tab. 3). The antisera are used were prepared by foot--pad injection of rabbits with purified toxoids in Freund's complete adjuvant (s. Tab. 1). Antitoxin globulin were prepared from rabbit antisera with (NH4)2SO4 to 50%. Formalinized and tanned human erythrozytes were sensitized with these specific antitoxin globulins. Only slight cross reactions ere encountered between the type A, B, and E antiglobulin sensitized cells and culture filtrates of C. butyricum, C. sporogenes (type A and B antiglobulin only) and C. perfringens type C (s. Tab. 4).

Download full-text PDF

Source

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

reversed passive
8
passive hemagglutination
8
botulinum type
8
type antiglobulin
8
type
5
[use reversed
4
hemagglutination detection
4
detection clostridium
4
clostridium botulinum
4
type toxin
4

Similar Publications

Fe-N-C catalysts are considered promising substitutes for Pt-based catalysts at the cathode in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) owing to their great methanol tolerance. However, Fe-N-C-based DMFCs commonly suffer from a decreased performance under extremely high methanol concentrations and exhibit poor stability, while the underlying mechanism remains controversial. In this study, a self-degradation phenomenon in a passive Fe-N-C-based DMFC was investigated in detail.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Top-down analysis of intact proteins and middle-down analysis of proteins subjected to limited digestion require efficient detection of traces of proteoforms in samples, necessitating the reduction of sample complexity by thorough pre-fractionation of the proteome components in the sample. SDS-PAGE is a simple and inexpensive high-resolution protein-separation technique widely used in biochemical and molecular biology experiments. Although its effectiveness for sample preparation in bottom-up proteomics has been proven, establishing a method for highly efficient recovery of intact proteins from the gel matrix has long been a challenge for its implementation in top-down and middle-down proteomics.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials showed that passively infused VRC01, a broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) targeting the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) on the HIV-1 envelope protein (Env), protected against neutralization-sensitive viruses. We identified six individuals from the VRC01 treatment arm with multi-lineage breakthrough HIV-1 infections from HVTN703, where one variant was sensitive to VRC01 (IC < 25 ug/mL) but another was resistant. By comparing Env sequences of resistant and sensitive clones from each participant, we identified sites predicted to affect VRC01 neutralization and assessed the effect of their reversion in the VRC01-resistant clone on neutralization sensitivity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Nuclear power plant waste heat opens a window of next-generation desalination hybridization: a SOAR-based review.

Water Sci Technol

January 2025

Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University 31527, Egypt; Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria 21648, Alexandria, Egypt.

This review examines the potential for utilizing nuclear power plant (NPP) waste heat in hybrid desalination systems, focusing on Reverse Osmosis-Low-Temperature Evaporation (RO-LTE) driven by renewable energy sources and atomic waste heat. By employing a SOAR (Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, Results) analysis, the study evaluates the integration of NPP waste heat into various desalination technologies, emphasizing the environmental benefits and energy efficiency improvements. Fundamental aspirations include advancements in material science and heat exchanger designs, which enhance heat transfer and evaporation processes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Among the factors, such as emotions, that distort time perception, vestibular stimulation causes a contraction in subjective time. Unlike emotions, the intensity of vestibular stimulation can be easily and precisely modified, making it possible to study the quantitative relationship between stimulation and its effect on time perception. We hypothesized that the contraction of subjective time would increase with the vestibular stimulation magnitude.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!