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Studies on West Nile virus infection in Egypt. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • A prospective cohort study was conducted in Egypt to assess the prevalence and incidence of West Nile virus (WNV) across different regions: Upper, Middle, and Lower Egypt, and a cross-sectional survey was done in North and South Sinai.
  • The study found significant human seroprevalence rates of WNV, with 35% in Upper Egypt, and 18% seroconversion rates, indicating ongoing virus circulation.
  • Results also showed that WNV was detected in sentinel chicken flocks and mosquitoes, highlighting the virus’s active presence in the environment and its link to undiagnosed febrile illnesses among the population.

Article Abstract

We conducted a prospective cohort study to determine prevalence and incidence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Egypt. Cohorts were established in Upper (UE), Middle (ME), and Lower (LE) Egypt. Additionally, a cross-sectional serosurvey was performed in the North (NS) and South (SS) Sinai. Cohorts were bled initially and 1 year later. Sera were tested for WNV-IgG by ELISA and positive sera were confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Sentinel chicken flocks placed in the above sites were bled monthly for virus isolation and serology. Mosquitoes were collected monthly from the above sites and tested for WNV. Human seroprevalence rates were 35%, 27%, 14%, 1% and 7% in UE, ME, LE, NS and SS, respectively. Seroconversion rates were 18%, 17% and 7% in UE, ME and LE, respectively; 49% of the seroconverters reported undiagnosed febrile illness. Sentinel chickens showed seroconversion in all study sites. WNV was isolated from both sentinel chickens and mosquitoes in cohort sites. This study demonstrates that WNV was actively circulating during the study period in different areas in Egypt and causing febrile illness in a considerable proportion of individuals in the study sites.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2009.11.002DOI Listing

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