Lake scattering characteristics are of great significance for remotely-sensed retrieval model development. In this study, scattering and backscattering coefficients of Lake Chaohu were observed through AC-S and ECO-BB9 meters, and their spectral properties were correspondingly analyzed. Then Power function is utilized to model particulate scattering and backscattering spectra, and spectral slope parameters obtained by simulation are 0.86 and 3.24, separately. The proposed scattering and backscattering models present relatively low predicative errors. Particulate scattering coefficients are closely related to TSM and ISM, with corresponding correlative coefficients of 0.91 and 0.94. Their relationships can be simulated well through linear function, and further specific scattering coefficients of TSM and ISM were proposed to be 0.636 4 (10(-3) m2 x mg(-1)) and 0.910 8 (10(-3) m2 x mg(-1)). In addition, particulate backscattering ratio in Lake Chaohu has a variation range of 0.003-0.026, and refractive index varies from 1.02 to 1.06, which displays no large variation spans when compared with that in previous studies.
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Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties, Deqing Academy of Satellite Applications, Deqing 313200, China.
Using microwave remote sensing to invert forest parameters requires clear canopy scattering characteristics, which can be intuitively investigated through scattering measurements. However, there are very few ground-based measurements on forest branches, needles, and canopies. In this study, a quantitative analysis of the canopy branches, needles, and ground contribution of Masson pine scenes in C-, X-, and Ku-bands was conducted based on a microwave anechoic chamber measurement platform.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acoust Soc Am
January 2025
Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-030, Brazil.
Ultrasonic sensors based on backscattering principles have been developed for various applications involving arbitrary or random scatterer distributions. Although the theory of multiple scattering of waves is well-established, it has not been thoroughly explored in these applications. This work presents a feasible and simplified three-dimensional scattering model to predict the transient response generated by a set of rods positioned in the near field of a 1 MHz water-coupled ultrasonic transducer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicron
December 2024
Pico Electron Microscopy Center, Innovation Institute for Ocean Materials Characterization Technology, Center for Advanced Studies in Precision Instruments, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Pico Electron Microscopy of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China. Electronic address:
The Chen-van-Dyck (CVD) formulation as a rigorous numerical solution to the Schrödinger equation has been demonstrated being the only accurate multislice method for calculating diffraction and imaging in low-energy transmission electron microscopy. The CVD formulation not only considers the forward scattering effects but also includes the backscattering effects. However, since its numerical computation has to be performed in real-space, the CVD method may suffer from divergence and inefficiency in computing time, especially when used for low-energy scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) image simulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that increases fragility fracture risk. Conventional DXA-based areal bone mineral density (aBMD) assessments often underestimate this risk. Cortical Backscatter (CortBS) ultrasound, a radiation-free technique, non-invasively analyzes cortical bone's viscoelastic and microstructural properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2025
UMR 8518 Laboratoires d'Optique Atmosphérique, CNRS, Université de Lille, Lille 596 55, France.
Aerosol particles in the PM fraction considerably influence the climate-related effects of aerosols and impact human health despite representing very variable fractions of the total aerosol mass concentration. Aerosol optical measurement techniques (aerosol light scattering) may not be sufficiently effective for detecting all particles in the PM fraction, particularly regarding number concentration. The present study investigates temporal variations of aerosol light scattering properties and particle number concentration (PNC) at different size modes in the PM fraction at the atmospheric site ATOLL (The Atmospheric Observations in Lille), Northern France from January 2018 to February 2023.
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