The predictive performances of MC4PC were evaluated using its learning machine functionality. Its superior characteristics are demonstrated in this following up study using the newly published Ames mutagenicity benchmark set.
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Chem Biol Interact
December 2024
Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland. Electronic address:
Breast cancer was the most frequent cause of cancer death in females in 2022. Despite the development of personalized therapies, chemotherapy frequently remains the only available treatment method. However, the administration of classic antineoplastic drugs, like cisplatin (CDDP), often causes severe side effects and may lead to drug resistance making the therapy inefficient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Toxicol
November 2024
RAI Services Company, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.
Introduction: Modern oral nicotine pouch products (ONPs) are a category of oral nicotine products which contain pharmaceutical-grade nicotine, flavors, and other food-grade ingredients but no tobacco leaf. Recent reports indicate that ONPs in general do not contain (or only at minimal levels) the harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) identified in cigarette smoke, suggesting their potential as alternative products for reducing harm from cigarette smoking.
Methods: We assessed toxicological effects of eight ONPs, designated as modern oral (MO) 1 to 8 along with an ONP, an oral tobacco (snus), and a combustible cigarette market comparator using established regulatory toxicological assays including Ames, micronucleus (ivMN), and neutral red uptake (NRU) assays.
Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci
December 2024
Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
Flavonoids, such as quercetin and kaempferol, and their glycosides, are widely distributed in vegetables and fruits. Sugimura, T. et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegul Toxicol Pharmacol
December 2024
National Institute of Health Sciences (NIHS), 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
The Ames mutagenicity test is an effective means of screening compounds for their carcinogenic potential. Here, we conducted Ames tests on 15 aryl, benzyl, and aliphatic ring N-nitrosamines. Then, by using two indicators of mutagenicity strength calculated from the Ames test results, namely, maximum specific activity (MSA; number of revertant colonies) and maximum fold increase (MFI; relative ratio of increased colonies), we examined the relationship between Ames mutagenicity strength and Carcinogenic Potency Categorization Approach (CPCA) potency category, which is a structure-activity-relationship-based prediction of the carcinogenic potency of nitrosamines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Mol Mutagen
December 2024
Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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