Objective: Determine whether adults with hepatitis C (HCV), regardless of substance use disorder, are more likely to discount delayed rewards than adults without hepatitis C, and explore the relationship between delay discounting and neuropsychological functioning.
Methods: Procedures included clinical interviews, neuropsychological testing, and a delay discounting task.
Results: Regardless of substance abuse history, adults with hepatitis C were significantly more likely to choose smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards. Delay discounting correlated with performance on executive functioning tasks.
Conclusions: Increased discounting is associated with broad executive dysfunction, suggesting that HCV-associated executive dysfunction may lead to altered decision-making style.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2010.499355 | DOI Listing |
Biol Psychol
December 2024
Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
Curiosity is a powerful motivator of information-seeking behavior. People seek not only positive, but also aversive social information about others. However, whether people also seek unfavorable social information about themselves, as well as the neural mechanisms that may drive such seemingly counterintuitive behavior remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Hum Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Information Medicine, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Accurate interoceptive processing in decision-making is essential to maintain homeostasis and overall health. Disruptions in this process have been associated with various psychiatric conditions, including depression. Recent studies have focused on nutrient homeostatic dysregulation in depression for effective subtype classification and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: A preference for sooner-smaller over later-larger rewards, known as delay discounting, is a candidate transdiagnostic marker of waiting impulsivity and a research domain criterion. While abnormal discounting rates have been associated with many psychiatric diagnoses and abnormal brain structure, the underlying neuropsychological processes remain largely unknown. Here, we deconstruct delay discounting into choice and rate processes by testing different computational models and investigate their associations with white matter tracts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurosci
January 2025
Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
The locus coeruleus (LC) plays a vital role in cognitive function through norepinephrine release. Impaired LC neuronal health and function is linked to cognitive decline during ageing and Alzheimer's disease. This study investigates age-related alterations in olfactory detection and discrimination learning, along with its reversal, in Long-Evans rats, and examines the effects of atomoxetine (ATM), a norepinephrine uptake inhibitor, on these processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Clin Pharm
December 2024
School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
Background: Temporal discounting, the preference for immediate over delayed rewards, affects decision-making in domains like health and finance. Understanding the differences in how people discount health outcomes compared to monetary rewards is crucial to shaping health policy and technology assessments.
Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare temporal discounting parameters between health outcomes and monetary rewards and evaluate their overall relationship.
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