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Humans have, throughout history, faced periods of starvation necessitating increased physical effort to gather food. To explore adaptations in muscle function, 13 participants (7 males and 6 females) fasted for seven days. They lost 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe direct and indirect inhibition of proinflammatory adipose tissue macrophages by acarbose in diet-induced obesity.
Cell Rep Med
December 2024
Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; General Surgery Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Acarbose plays a significant role in reducing inflammation related to obesity and insulin resistance by influencing adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs).
- Acarbose promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria that produce propionic acid, which helps inhibit the proinflammatory M1-like ATMs.
- The study shows that acarbose directly targets and inhibits these inflammatory macrophages, suggesting its potential for therapeutic use in managing obesity and insulin resistance.
Gut protects against fat deposition by enhancing secondary bile acid biosynthesis.
Imeta
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China.
Gut microbiome is crucial for lipid metabolism in humans and animals. However, how specific gut microbiota and their associated metabolites impact fat deposition remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that the colonic microbiome of lean and obese pigs differentially contributes to fat deposition, as evidenced by colonic microbiota transplantation experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of genotype and sex on carcass characteristics and fatty acid profile of Pekin broiler ducks.
Poult Sci
December 2024
Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Quinta do Marquês, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal; GeoBioTec - Geobiosciences, Geoengineering e Geobiotechnologies, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
The aim of this study was to compare two different strains of Pekin duck and to answer one scientific hypothesis: 1) Strain and sex influence live body weight, hot and cold carcass weights and carcass portions weights and yields, fatty acid content, fatty acid total cholesterol and α-tocopherol contents of meat. The study used 50 individuals of each strain in comparison (Cherry Valley and Grimaud) equally divided between both sexes), raised in equal rearing and feeding conditions. The results show that, when raised in equal rearing and feeding conditions and slaughtered at matching age, the strain had no significant influence on live body weight at slaughter, warm and cold carcass weights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The DMAIC approach is a five-phase improvement cycle which enables the advancement of pre-existing processes and was implemented as part of the "lean" process improvement initiative. The present study aims to improve the work efficiency of chemotherapy daycare unit (CDU) at a cancer hospital. The objectives include studying the process flow of the CDU, estimating the patient wait time (PWT) before infusion at the CDU, and implementing new measures to improve its functioning.
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