Ten vitamin K(3) derivatives were synthesized and screened for anti-angiogenic activity. Results indicated that amine derivatives (1a-d) exerted a stronger inhibition effect on angiogenesis compared to alkyl derivatives (2a-d). In addition to being the most potent inhibitor, 1b also suppressed human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation. These results suggest that vitamin K(3) amine derivatives with shorter alkyl chains, such as 1b, could be useful for developing anti-angiogenic agents.
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