Objectives: Intestinal permeability (IPT) was investigated in patients with autism as well as in their first-degree relatives to investigate leaky gut hypothesis. Faecal calprotectin (FC) was also measured in patients with autism, either with or without gastrointestinal symptoms, and in their first-degree relatives.
Patients And Methods: IPT results, assessed by means of the lactulose/mannitol test, were compared with adult and child controls and with FC values.
Results: A high percentage of abnormal IPT values were found among patients with autism (36.7%) and their relatives (21.2%) compared with normal subjects (4.8%). Patients with autism on a reported gluten-casein-free diet had significantly lower IPT values compared with those who were on an unrestricted diet and controls. Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 46.7% of children with autism: constipation (45.5%), diarrhoea (34.1%), and others (alternating diarrhoea/constipation, abdominal pain, etc: 15.9%). FC was elevated in 24.4% of patients with autism and in 11.6% of their relatives; it was not, however, correlated with abnormal IPT values.
Conclusions: The results obtained support the leaky gut hypothesis and indicate that measuring IPT could help to identify a subgroup of patients with autism who could benefit from a gluten-free diet. The IPT alterations found in first-degree relatives suggest the presence of an intestinal (tight-junction linked) hereditary factor in the families of subjects with autism.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181dcc4a5 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Formal Thought Disorder in Schizophrenia: A Problematic History.
Schizophr Bull
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Lane, Oxford, OX37JX, United Kingdom.
Background And Hypothesis: Formal thought disorder (FTD), studied even before the inception of the concept of schizophrenia, remains a deeply isolating experience for patients as well as a difficult one for their interlocutors, including clinicians.
Study Design: The views on language, paralinguistic, and extralinguistic features exhibited by patients with severe mental ill health are reviewed, including the contributions from 19th-century European authors to the last third of the 20th century.
Study Results: Stages in the construction of FTD are described, including its merging with Dementia Praecox, and its subsequently being shaped by notions such as primitive archaic thinking, paralogical or autistic thinking, concretism, overinclusive thinking, and the return of the efforts to describing it with increased reliability.
Investigating Disembodiment-related Brain Activation by Interaction between Perspective-shifting and the Experience of Agency in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Possible Relationship with Interoceptive Abilities.
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
Objective: Many studies have explored sense of self in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, few have reported on their experience of "disembodiment." This study aimed to investigate the differences in brain activity between patients with ASD and neurotypicals (NTs) under conditions causing disembodiment and to examine the correlation between their interoceptive abilities and disembodiment-related brain activity.
Methods: 18 Participants with ASD and 21 NTs completed psychological evaluations, interoceptive abilities measurement, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
The Human Microglia Atlas (HuMicA) unravels changes in disease-associated microglia subsets across neurodegenerative conditions.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
Dysregulated microglia activation, leading to neuroinflammation, is crucial in neurodegenerative disease development and progression. We constructed an atlas of human brain immune cells by integrating nineteen single-nucleus RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq datasets from multiple neurodegenerative conditions, comprising 241 samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Lewy body diseases, COVID-19, and healthy controls. The integrated Human Microglia Atlas (HuMicA) included 90,716 nuclei/cells and revealed nine populations distributed across all conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring pathological targets and advancing pharmacotherapy in autism spectrum disorder: Contributions of glial cells and heavy metals.
Histol Histopathol
January 2025
Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a globally recognized neurodevelopmental condition characterized by repetitive and restrictive behavior, persistent deficits in social interaction and communication, mental disturbances, etc., affecting approximately 1 in 100 children worldwide. A combination of genetic and environmental factors is involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disease, but specific biomarkers have not yet been identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacteristics of gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with colorectal polyps.
World J Gastrointest Oncol
January 2025
School of Life Health Information Science and Engineering, Chongqing Post and Communications University, Chongqing 400065, China.
This editorial, inspired by a recent study published in the , covers the research findings on microbiota changes in various diseases. In recurrent colorectal polyps, the abundances of , , and increase, while those of and decrease. This dysbiosis may promote the formation and recurrence of polyps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!