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Aim: To study the potent efficacy of the immunomodulatory agent imiquimod when applied on dysplastic lesions of the oral mucosa.
Materials And Methods: Carcinogen (DMBA) was applied to the mucosa of the left buccal pouch of 26 male Wistar rats for 8 weeks, until dysplastic lesions were observed and histologically diagnosed. At the second phase of the experiment, 5% imiquimod cream was applied to these dysplastic lesions for 16 weeks. Biopsies were taken before and after treatment.
Results: The histological effect of imiquimod was the regression of mild dysplasia to hyperplasia for all the samples. In one case, a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was converted to a papilloma-like squamous neoplasm with a benign morphology.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that imiquimod may be effective in treatment of precancerous lesions of the oral mucosa and thus inhibit the progress of carcinogenesis.
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