Background: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is endemic in Thailand and prevention strategies include vaccination, vector control, and health education.
Methods: Between July 2003 and August 2005, we conducted hospital-based surveillance for encephalitis at seven hospitals in Bangkok and Hat Yai. Serum and cerebrospinal (CSF) specimens were tested for evidence of recent JEV infection by immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT).
Results: Of the 147 patients enrolled and tested, 24 (16%) had evidence of acute flavivirus infection: 22 (15%) with JEV and two (1%) with dengue virus. Of the 22 Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases, 10 (46%) were aged ≤ 15 years. The median length of hospital stay was 13 days; one 13-year-old child died. Ten percent of encephalitis patients enrolled in Bangkok hospitals were found to have JEV infection compared to 28% of patients enrolled in hospitals in southern Thailand (p < 0.01). Four (40%) of the 10 children with JE were reported as being vaccinated.
Conclusions: JEV remains an important cause of encephalitis among hospitalized patients in Thailand. The high proportion of JE among encephalitis cases is concerning and additional public health prevention efforts or expanded vaccination may be needed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2010.03.022 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Extracellular vesicles promote the infection and pathogenicity of Japanese encephalitis virus.
J Extracell Vesicles
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a neurotropic zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to public health. Currently, there is no specific therapeutic agent available for JEV infection, primarily due to the complexity of its infection mechanism and pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been known to play an important role in viral infection, but their specific functions in JEV infection remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiology and treatment trends for acute encephalopathy under the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic based on a prospective multicenter consecutive case registry.
J Neurol Sci
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.
Background: Acute encephalopathy is a severe condition predominantly affecting children with viral infections. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the epidemiology, treatment, and management of acute encephalopathy. The study also aimed to understand how the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has affected epidemiological trends.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKey virulence factors responsible for differences in pathogenicity between clinically proven live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine SA14-14-2 and its pre-attenuated highly virulent parent SA14.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America.
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a neuroinvasive and neurovirulent orthoflavivirus, can be prevented in humans with the SA14-14-2 vaccine, a live-attenuated version derived from the wild-type SA14 strain. To determine the viral factors responsible for the differences in pathogenicity between SA14 and SA14-14-2, we initially established a reverse genetics system that includes a pair of full-length infectious cDNAs for both strains. Using this cDNA pair, we then systematically exchanged genomic regions between SA14 and SA14-14-2 to generate 20 chimeric viruses and evaluated their replication capability in cell culture and their pathogenic potential in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic Characterization of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Isolates Circulating in Mosquitoes from Pig and Sheep Farms in Shanghai, China.
Animals (Basel)
December 2024
College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is regarded as an emerging and reemerging pathogen that is a primary cause of viral encephalitis in humans. However, there is a scarcity of research on the prevalence of JEV genotypes across the different mosquito species in Shanghai. In this study, the diversity of mosquito species and prevalence of JEV in pig and sheep farms in Shanghai were surveyed in 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA human monoclonal antibody isolated from Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine-vaccinated volunteer neutralizing various flaviviruses.
Front Microbiol
December 2024
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Introduction: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are prevalent in over 80 countries or territories worldwide, causing hundreds of thousands of cases annually. But currently there is a lack of specific antiviral agents and effective vaccines.
Methods: In the present study, to identify human neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) against JEV or/and ZIKV, we isolated ZIKV-E protein-binding B cells from the peripheral venous blood of a healthy volunteer who had received the JEV live-attenuated vaccine and performed 10× Genomics transcriptome sequencing and BCR sequencing analysis, we then obtained the V region amino acid sequences of a novel mAb LZY3412.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!