To investigate the efficacy and the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of Taraxacum officinale leaves (TOLs), the effect of a methanol extract and its fractions recovered from TOLs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced responses was studied in the mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7. Cells were pretreated with various concentrations of the methanol extract and its fractions and subsequently incubated with LPS (1 microg/mL). The levels of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG) E(2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases were analyzed using western blotting. The methanol extract and its fractions inhibited LPS-induced production of NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and PGE(2) in a dose-dependent manner. The chloroform fraction significantly suppressed production of NO, PGE(2), and two pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) in a dose-dependent manner with 50% inhibitory concentration values of 66.51, 90.96, 114.76, and 171.06 microg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction also inhibited production of the inflammatory molecules. The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions reduced LPS-induced expressions of iNOS and COX-2 and activation of MAP kinases in a dose-dependent manner. Among the fractions of the methanol extract, the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited the most effective anti-inflammatory activities. These results show that the anti-inflammatory effects of TOLs are probably due to down-regulation of NO, PGE(2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced expressions of iNOS and COX-2 via inactivation of the MAP kinase signal pathway.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2009.1249 | DOI Listing |
Anticancer Agents Med Chem
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye.
Introduction/objective: Plants and their bioactive compounds play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry for treating cancer. To date, the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of Hypericum perforatum methanol extract on human thyroid cancer cell lines have not been thoroughly explored. The present study aimed to assess the potential anti-cancer effects of HPME on human thyroid cancer and investigate its potential therapeutic benefits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Med Philipp
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila.
Background And Objective: Leptospirosis is a disease caused by pathogenic prevalent in tropical countries like the Philippines. Some studies have shown that the role of currently used antibiotics for leptospirosis is unclear since trials have found no significant benefit to patient outcomes compared to placebo. This signals the need for alternative therapies, such as herbal medicines, which may provide effective therapeutic regimens in treating this infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Target Insights
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, University of Free State, Bloemfontein - South Africa.
Introduction: biofilm formation is a significant contributor to antifungal resistance, necessitating new treatment strategies. Lin., a traditional herbal remedy, has shown promise in combating microbial infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNarra J
December 2024
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
Medicinal herbs, such as the ant nest plant (), are promising for the management of diabetes mellitus-associated infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological activity of the ant nest plant and its capacity to mitigate the adverse effects of alloxan-induced diabetes on testicular morphology, epididymal function, and sperm quality in male rats. The tuber of the ant nest plant was extracted using methanol and then subjected to phytochemical screenings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Acad Bras Cienc
January 2025
University of M'sila, Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University Pole, Road Bordj Bou Arreridj, M'sila 28000, Algeria.
The whole plant Saccocalyx satureioides, an endemic medicinal plant in Algeria, was evaluated for its polyphenolic contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The polyphenolic contents of the plant methanolic extracts ranged from 170.47 to 285.
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