Current asthma treatments are effective for most but not all patients. Asthma is classified as a complex genetic disease with its pathogenesis and expression (severity) determined by the interaction of many genes and environmental factors. Asthma is characterized by its heterogeneity in terms of its clinical and inflammatory phenotypes and their responses to therapy. This disease heterogeneity likely has played a role in variable results from clinical trials that evaluate specific inhibitors of inflammatory mediators ('biologics') in asthma. Moreover, although existing treatments are effective and safe in most asthma patients they may be less effective or potentially harmful in others. In addition, if an individual with asthma is less responsive to standard therapies such as corticosteroids because of specific pharmacogenetic interactions then that patient with asthma will be classified as having more severe or difficult-to-treat asthma. Pharmacogenetic approaches hold the promise of matching individualized treatments to specific genotypes in a way that minimizes side effects while improving therapeutic outcomes.
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In utero exposure to experimental maternal asthma alters fetal airway development in sheep.
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Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
The mechanisms linking maternal asthma (MA) exposure in utero and subsequent risk of asthma in childhood are not fully understood. Pathological airway remodelling, including reticular basement membrane thickening, has been reported in infants and children who go on to develop asthma later in childhood. This suggests altered airway development before birth as a mechanism underlying increased risk of asthma in children exposed in utero to MA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespiratory syncytial virus vaccination in older adults and patients with chronic disorders: A position paper from the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Association of General and Family Medicine, the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, the Portuguese Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, and the Portuguese Society of Internal Medicine.
Pulmonology
December 2025
Portuguese Society of Pulmonology (SPP), Lisbon, Portugal.
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infection, hospitalisation and death in adults.
Methods: Based on evidence regarding the impact of RSV on adult populations at risk for severe infection and the efficacy and safety of RSV vaccines, the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Association of General and Family Medicine, the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, the Portuguese Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, and the Portuguese Society of Internal Medicine endorses this position paper with recommendations to prevent RSV-associated disease and its complications in adults through vaccination.
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The Impact of the Indoor Environment on Childhood Asthma.
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Division of Immunology, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Caregivers of children with asthma can become overwhelmed by the burden of care provision. Guided by the socioecological framework, we examined individual and system-level factors associated with caregiver health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among preschool children (aged two to six years) enrolled in a multilevel home- and school-based asthma educational intervention in Baltimore, Maryland. Primary outcome was caregiver HRQoL measured at baseline and six months.
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Pulm Ther
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US Medical Affairs, GSK, ATC Fowler Building, 410 Blackwell Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
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