The structure of the ring-opened product from direct oxidation of meso-tetraarylporphyrins has been controversial for three decades. Herein we show that bilitrienones 2 are obtained from oxidation of metal-free dodecasubstituted porphyrins 1 in the presence of sodium nitrite, trifluoroacetic acid and air oxygen. The presence of the para-nonyl groups in 1b stabilized the corresponding bilitrienone 2b, which was characterized by X-ray crystallography. In the absence of the para-nonyl groups bilitrienone 2a undergoes a rapid hydration reaction, giving biladienone 3a as the major isolated product. The molecular structures of 2b and 3a, and. the photochemical isomerization of 3a are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.098 | DOI Listing |
Beilstein J Org Chem
November 2024
School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
Unlike their planar counterparts, classic synthetic protocols for C-C bond forming reactions on nonplanar porphyrins are underdeveloped. The development of C-C bond forming reactions on nonplanar porphyrins is critical in advancing this field of study for more complex porphyrin architectures, which could be used in supramolecular assemblies, catalysis, or sensing. In this work a library of arm-extended dodecasubstituted porphyrins was synthesized through the optimization of the classic Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of peripheral haloaryl substituents with a range of boronic acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
October 2022
Focus Group-Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberg-Str. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Coordinating the spatial arrangement of electroactive partners is crucial to designable molecular electronics and photonics. Porphyrins are ubiquitous reaction centers in nature; synthetic porphyrins, in the crystallographic solid state, are often coerced into monolithic stacks, inhibiting reactivity. Using the principles of self-organization, and by exploiting charge-balance principles, we can manipulate nonplanar porphyrins into one- and two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded polymers, with polyoxometalate (POM) and bifunctional counter-anions serving as linkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEuropean J Org Chem
March 2021
Traditional 'picket fence' porphyrin systems have been a topic of interest for their capacity to direct steric shielding effects selectively to one side of the macrocycle. Sterically overcrowded porphyrin systems that adopt macrocycle deformations have recently drawn attention for their applications in organocatalysis and sensing. Here we explore the combined benefits of nonplanar porphyrins and the old molecular design to bring new concepts to the playing field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
June 2020
School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
A targeted synthesis of dodecasubstituted type I porphyrins that utilizes the reaction of unsymmetrical 3,4-difunctionalized pyrroles and sterically demanding aldehydes was developed. This way, type I porphyrins could be obtained as the only type isomers, likely due to a minimization of the steric strain arising from peri-interactions. Uniquely, this method does not depend on lengthy precursor syntheses, the separation of isomers, or impractical limitations of the scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
October 2017
Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Presented herein is a first major density functional theory (BP86/D3/STO-TZ2P) survey of the energetics of saddling versus ruffling for a wide range of dodecasubstituted metalloporphyrins with M = Ni, Cu, Zn, Pd, and Pt. For the majority of XTPP (i.e.
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