A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 176

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1034
Function: getPubMedXML

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3152
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

The first histological and immunohistochemical examination of thymus in a case of fetus in fetu. | LitMetric

Fetus in fetu (FIF) is a rare condition with less than 150 cases reported in the world to the best of our knowledge. It is a malformed monozygotic twin ("non-dominant twin"), which is found inside the body of a living child or sometimes in an adult ("dominant twin"). Different organs can be seen in these fetuses; vertebral column limbs, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, vessels, and genitourinary tract. In the literature, we found only two cases of fetus in fetu with the present thymic tissue. In this paper, the thymus of non-dominant twin exteriorized from the mediastini of dominant twin, was analyzed by histological and imunohistochemical methods. Even though the majority of organs did not develop normally in the mentioned case, thymic tissue was proved to be present in many body parts of the non-dominant twin. In spite of the fact that the cortex and the medulla were not so distinguishable as in the normal thymuses, presence of many basic cell populations was demonstrated: thymic epithelial cells (AE1/AE3 positive cells), T (CD45RO positive) and B (CD20 positive) cells, macrophages (CD68 positive cells), dendritic cells (S100 positive cells) and myoid cells (desmin positive). The Hassall's bodies were localized mostly in the medulla, however in sporadic cases they occurred in the area close to the connective tissue septa. The superficial epithelial cells of the Hassall's corpuscules as well as their internal contents, were markedly stained by alcian blue, and the cystic formations, found inside the Hassall's bodies, contained PAS-positive substance, similar to Hassall's bodies of normal thymuses. This fact indicates that although development of the parasitic twin is incomplete, all three germ layers participate on its development.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2010.05.007DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

positive cells
16
fetus fetu
12
hassall's bodies
12
thymic tissue
8
non-dominant twin
8
normal thymuses
8
cells
8
epithelial cells
8
positive
6
twin
5

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!