AI Article Synopsis
- Diabetes mellitus leads to changes in diaphragm function and muscle composition, showing a link to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR alpha and beta/delta) in type I diabetes.
- In a study with streptozotocin-treated rats, diaphragmatic function was assessed, revealing a decrease in maximum velocity and myosin ATPase activity, but an increase in force and cross bridges, indicating a shift towards slow muscle fibers.
- These adaptations were accompanied by a significant increase in PPARbeta/delta expression, suggesting potential benefits in fatigue and hypoxia resistance for diabetic subjects.
Article Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with alterations in peripheral striated muscles and cardiomyopathy. We examined diaphragmatic function and fiber composition and identified the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR alpha and beta/delta) as a factor involved in diaphragm muscle plasticity in response to type I diabetes.
Methodology/principal Findings: Streptozotocin-treated rats were studied after 8 weeks and compared with their controls. Diaphragmatic strips were stimulated in vitro and mechanical and energetic variables were measured, cross bridge kinetics assessed, and the effects of fatigue and hypoxia evaluated. Morphometry, myosin heavy chain isoforms, PPAR alpha and beta/delta gene and protein expression were also assessed. Diabetes induced a decrease in maximum velocity of shortening (-14%, P<0.05) associated with a decrease in myosin ATPase activity (-49%, P<0.05), and an increase in force (+20%, P<0.05) associated with an increase in the number of cross bridges (+14%, P<0.05). These modifications were in agreement with a shift towards slow myosin heavy chain fibers and were associated with an upregulation of PPARbeta/delta (+314% increase in gene and +190% increase in protein expression, P<0.05). In addition, greater resistances to fatigue and hypoxia were observed in diabetic rats.
Conclusions/significance: Type I diabetes induced complex mechanical and energetic changes in the rat diaphragm and was associated with an up-regulation of PPARbeta/delta that could improve resistance to fatigue and hypoxia and favour the shift towards slow myosin heavy chain isoforms.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2900215 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0011494 | PLOS |
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