AI Article Synopsis
- Radiotherapy can effectively kill tumor cells by creating DNA double strand breaks, but tumor repair mechanisms often make treatment ineffective.
- Researchers hypothesized that targeting specific microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate DNA repair genes could enhance tumor sensitivity to radiation.
- The study identified miR-101 as a promising candidate that reduces levels of key DNA repair proteins (DNA-PKcs and ATM) and successfully sensitizes tumor cells to radiation both in lab and live models.
Article Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy kills tumor-cells by inducing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). However, the efficient repair of tumors frequently prevents successful treatment. Therefore, identifying new practical sensitizers is an essential step towards successful radiotherapy. In this study, we tested the new hypothesis: identifying the miRNAs to target DNA DSB repair genes could be a new way for sensitizing tumors to ionizing radiation.
Principal Findings: HERE, WE CHOSE TWO GENES: DNA-PKcs (an essential factor for non-homologous end-joining repair) and ATM (an important checkpoint regulator for promoting homologous recombination repair) as the targets to search their regulating miRNAs. By combining the database search and the bench work, we picked out miR-101. We identified that miR-101 could efficiently target DNA-PKcs and ATM via binding to the 3'- UTR of DNA-PKcs or ATM mRNA. Up-regulating miR-101 efficiently reduced the protein levels of DNA-PKcs and ATM in these tumor cells and most importantly, sensitized the tumor cells to radiation in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusions: These data demonstrate for the first time that miRNAs could be used to target DNA repair genes and thus sensitize tumors to radiation. These results provide a new way for improving tumor radiotherapy.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2895662 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0011397 | PLOS |
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