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Aspergillus fumigatus SidA is a highly specific ornithine hydroxylase with bound flavin cofactor. | LitMetric

Aspergillus fumigatus SidA is a highly specific ornithine hydroxylase with bound flavin cofactor.

Biochemistry

Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.

Published: August 2010

AI Article Synopsis

  • Af SidA, the enzyme responsible for hydroxylating l-ornithine in ferrichrome biosynthesis, was expressed and purified, and it is the first flavin monooxygenase with a bound flavin cofactor to be isolated.
  • The enzyme demonstrates specific kinetics with l-ornithine and shows higher efficiency with NADPH compared to NADH, while also forming a ternary complex with NADP(+) and l-ornithine during its catalytic process.

Article Abstract

Ferrichrome is a hydroxamate-containing siderophore produced by the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus under iron-limiting conditions. This siderophore contains N(5)-hydroxylated l-ornithines essential for iron binding. A. fumigatus siderophore A (Af SidA) catalyzes the flavin- and NADPH-dependent hydroxylation of l-ornithine in ferrichrome biosynthesis. Af SidA was recombinantly expressed and purified as a soluble tetramer and is the first member of this class of flavin monooxygenases to be isolated with a bound flavin cofactor. The enzyme showed typical saturation kinetics with respect to l-ornithine while substrate inhibition was observed at high concentrations of NADPH and NADH. Increasing amounts of hydrogen peroxide were measured as a function of reduced nicotinamide coenzyme concentration, indicating that inhibition was caused by increased uncoupling. Af SidA is highly specific for its amino acid substrate, only hydroxylating l-ornithine. An 8-fold preference in the catalytic efficiency was determined for NADPH compared to NADH. In the absence of substrate, Af SidA can be reduced by NADPH, and a C4a-(hydro)peroxyflavin intermediate is observed. The decay of this intermediate is accelerated by l-ornithine binding. This intermediate was only stabilized by NADPH and not by NADH, suggesting a role for NADP(+) in the stabilization of intermediates in the reaction of Af SidA. NADP(+) is a competitive inhibitor with respect to NADPH, demonstrating that Af SidA forms a ternary complex with NADP(+) and l-ornithine during catalysis. The data suggest that Af SidA likely proceeds by a sequential kinetic mechanism.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi100291nDOI Listing

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