The aim was to provide a systematic evaluation of the effects of treatments with behavioral and cognitive components on primary insomnia in older persons. Randomized, controlled trials, uncontrolled trials and meta-analyses published in 1980-2009 were searched in PubMed and PsycINFO indexes. The material consisted of 24 original articles and four meta-analyses. Moderate effects of behavioral and cognitive-behavioral treatments on subjective sleep outcomes were found. Objective sleep outcome measures were used only in some studies, and the effects on objective measures were quite small. No side effects were noticed. Group treatment may be more effective than individual treatment. Group cognitive-behavioral treatments under the guidance of nurses familiar with the treatment are recommended to primary health care.
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