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HTLV-1 infected T cells cause bone loss via small extracellular vesicles.
J Extracell Vesicles
October 2024
Division of Bone & Mineral Diseases, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Adult T cell leukaemia (ATL), caused by infection with human T- lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is often complicated by hypercalcemia and osteolytic lesions. Therefore, we studied the communication between patient-derived ATL cells (ATL-PDX) and HTLV-1 immortalized CD4+ T cell lines (HTLV/T) with osteoclasts and their effects on bone mass in mice. Intratibial inoculation of some HTLV/T leads to a profound local decrease in bone mass similar to marrow-replacing ATL-PDX, despite the fact that few HTLV/T cells persisted in the bone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVulnerability to APOBEC3G linked to the pathogenicity of deltaretroviruses.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
March 2024
Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Human retroviruses like HIV and HTLV-1 originate from simian viruses and can lead to serious diseases in humans, despite being less harmful to their natural hosts.
- Research revealed that the human protein APOBEC3G (A3G) causes G-to-A mutations primarily in HTLV-1, while HTLV-2 and STLV-1 have mechanisms to resist these mutations.
- The study found that the antisense proteins from these retroviruses interact differently with A3G, with HTLV-1 exploiting A3G to promote cell growth in a way tied to cancer development, while HTLV-2 and STLV-1 do not have this effect.
Mycophenolate mofetil for the long-term treatment of HTLV-1 associated myelopathy: A case report.
J Neuroimmunol
March 2024
The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ross Hall, 2300 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) can cause HTLV-1 Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Current treatment options for HAM/TSP are limited. We present a woman with rapidly-progressive HAM/TSP with significant, sustained clinical improvement following initiation of mycophenolate mofetil (MMA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Pleiotropic Effects of YBX1 on HTLV-1 Transcription.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2023
Center for Retrovirus Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
HTLV-1 is an oncogenic human retrovirus and the etiologic agent of the highly aggressive ATL malignancy. Two viral genes, and , are individually linked to oncogenic transformation and play an important role in the pathogenic process. Consequently, regulation of HTLV-1 gene expression is a central feature in the viral lifecycle and directly contributes to its pathogenic potential.
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