The establishment of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between a legume plant and its rhizobial symbiont requires that the bacterium adapt to changing conditions that occur with the host plant that both promotes and allows infection of the host root nodule cell, regulates and resists the host defense response, permits the exchange of metabolites, and contributes to the overall health of the host. This adaptive process involves changes to the bacterial cell surface and, therefore, structural modifications to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this chapter, we describe the structures of the LPSs from symbiont members of the Rhizobiales, the genetics and mechanism of their biosynthesis, the modifications that occur during symbiosis, and their possible functions.
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Nod Factor Lipopolysaccharide Purification to Study Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Symbiosis with Legumes.
Methods Mol Biol
January 2024
Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Biologia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
Nod factors (NF) are lipochitooligosaccharides produced by nitrogen-fixing rhizobia bacteria. They are key components of the rhizobia-plant signaling exchange required for symbiosis. Thus, techniques to extract, detect, characterize, and purify NF are crucial for the identification of both rhizobial and plant mechanisms underlying nitrogen-fixing symbiosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Lipopolysaccharide O-Antigen Synthesis Gene in Plays Differentiated Roles in Root Nodule Symbiotic Compatibility with .
Mol Plant Microbe Interact
October 2023
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a ubiquitous microbial-associated molecular pattern. Plants can sense the three components of LPS, including core polysaccharide, lipid A, and O-antigen. LPS biosynthesis is an essential factor for the successful establishment of symbiosis in the rhizobium-legume plant system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQualitative changes in proteins contained in outer membrane vesicles produced by Rhizobium etli grown in the presence of the nod gene inducer naringenin.
Arch Microbiol
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Programa de Genómica Funcional de Procariotes, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C. P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFNod factors potentiate auxin signaling for transcriptional regulation and lateral root formation in Medicago truncatula.
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LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
Nodulation (Nod) factors (NFs) are symbiotic molecules produced by rhizobia that are essential for establishment of the rhizobium-legume endosymbiosis. Purified NFs can stimulate lateral root formation (LRF) in Medicago truncatula, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. Using a combination of reporter constructs, pharmacological and genetic approaches, we show that NFs act on early steps of LRF in M.
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Plant Physiol
July 2016
LIPM, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.-F.J., N.R., O.C., A.L., S.M., B.R., L.C., E.S., J.G., P.G.);INPT-Université de Toulouse, ENSAT, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.-F.J.);Institute of Plant Sciences-Paris Saclay University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Universités Paris-Sud/Paris-Diderot/d'Evry, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (S.B., M.B., F.F.);Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8 (A.K., R.J.N.E.); andDepartment of Plant Genetics, Physiology, and Biotechnology, University of Technology and Life Sciences, 85-789 Bydgoszcz, Poland (A.K.)
Nod factors (NFs) are lipochitooligosaccharidic signal molecules produced by rhizobia, which play a key role in the rhizobium-legume symbiotic interaction. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression reprogramming induced by purified NF (4 and 24 h of treatment) in the root epidermis of the model legume Medicago truncatula Tissue-specific transcriptome analysis was achieved by laser-capture microdissection coupled to high-depth RNA sequencing. The expression of 17,191 genes was detected in the epidermis, among which 1,070 were found to be regulated by NF addition, including previously characterized NF-induced marker genes.
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